Bio

• Yeasts, moulds and mushrooms

  • Most are multicellular with a body composed of microscopic threads called hyphae, a few are unicellular
  • Cells have cell walls that contain chitin
  • Cells lack chlorophyll
  • Most reproduce by spores
  • Feed by absorbing food
• Yeasts, moulds and mushrooms

  • Pin mould
• Plantae (plants)

  • Multicellular organisms
  • Cells have cell walls made of cellulose
  • Cells contain chlorophyll
  • Make their own food by photosynthesis
  • Stationary organisms
• Animalia (animals)


  • Multicellular organisms
  • Cells lack cell walls and chlorophyll
  • Feed by ingesting food
  • Most move their whole bodies from place to place
• Bryophytes


  • Have simple stems and leaves
  • Have root-like filaments called rhizoids
  • Produce spores for reproduction
  • Live in damp, shady places
• Bryophytes


  • Moss, liverwort
• Ferns


  • Have proper roots, stems and leaves called fronds
  • Produce spores on the underside of fronds for reproduction
• Ferns


  • Breadfruit fern, maidenhair fern
• Conifers


  • Have proper roots, stems and leaves
  • Leaves are usually needle-shaped
  • Produce seeds inside cones for reproduction
• Conifers


  • Pine, fir
• Flowering plants


  • Have proper roots, stems and leaves
  • Produce seeds inside fruits that develop from ovaries of flowers for reproduction
• Monocotyledons


  • Leaves have straight, parallel veins and are usually long and narrow
  • Seeds contain one cotyledon (seed leaf)
  • Flower parts are in multiples of three

  
• Monocotyledons


  • Sugar cane, guinea grass
• Dicotyledons


  • Leaves have a network of veins and are usually broad
  • Seeds contain two cotyledons
  • Flower parts are in multiples of four or five

  
• Dicotyledons


  • Pride of Barbados, flamboyant
• Porifera (sponges)


  • Stationary organisms
  • Lack tissues and organs
  • Body contains a single cavity with many pores in its walls making a system of water canals
• Porifera (sponges)


  • Barrel sponge, vase sponge
• Cnidaria


  • Have a bag- or umbrella-shaped body
  • Gut has only one opening, the mouth
  • Have a ring of tentacles around the mouth
• Cnidaria


  • Sea anemone, coral, jellyfish
• Platyhelminthes (flatworms)


  • Have a long, flat, unsegmented body

  
• Platyhelminthes (flatworms)


  • Tapeworm, liver fluke
• Nematodes (roundworms)


  • Have an elongated, round, unsegmented body with pointed ends

  
• Nematodes (roundworms)


  • Hookworm, threadworm
• Annelids (segmented worms)


  • Have an elongated body divided into segments

  
• Annelids (segmented worms)


  • Earthworm
• Arthropods


  • Have a waterproof exoskeleton (external skeleton) made mainly of chitin
  • Have a segmented body
  • Have several pairs of jointed legs
• Molluscs


  • Have a soft, moist, unsegmented body
  • Have a muscular foot
  • Many have shells
• Molluscs


  • Slug, snail, octopus
• Echinoderms


  • Have a body based on a radial pattern of five parts
  • Body wall contains calcium carbonate plates, often with projecting spines
  • Have tube feet with suction pads for movement
• Echinoderms


  • Starfish, sand dollar, sea urchin
• Chordates


  • Have a notochord (rod) running down the body, most have a backbone
  • Have a dorsal nerve cord with the anterior end usually enlarged forming the brain
  • Most have an internal skeleton of bone and cartilage
• Crustaceans


  • Have two pairs of antennae
  • Usually have five or seven pairs of legs
  • Body is divided into head, thorax and abdomen or cephalothorax and abdomen

  
• Crustaceans

  • Lobster, shrimp, crab, woodlouse
• Arachnids


  • Have no antennae
  • Have four pairs of legs
  • Body is divided into cephalothorax and abdomen

  
• Arachnids


  • Spider, tick, scorpion
• Insects


  • Have one pair of antennae
  • Have three pairs of legs
  • Body is divided into head, thorax and abdomen
  • Have a pair of compound eyes
  • Most have two pairs of wings
• Insects


  • Cockroach, moth, ant, house fly
• Myriapods


  • Have one pair of antennae
  • Have many pairs of legs
  • Body is elongated and divided into many segments

  
• Myriapods


  • Centipede, millipede

  
• Pisces (fish)

  • Have a waterproof skin covered with scales
  • Have gills for breathing
  • Have fins for swimming