Lesson 2

• NDRRMC


  Government agency in-charge of DRR
• DOST


  Government agency in-charge of disaster mitigation and prevention
• NEDA


  Government agency in-charge of disaster rehabilitation and recovery
• DILG


  Government agency in-charge of disaster preparedness
• DSWD


  Government agency in-charge of disaster response
• RA 10121


  Law that mandated the establishment of DRRM offices in every place in the country
• PAGASA


  Government agency in concern with typhoons
• Hydrometeorological hazards are characterized by strong winds and heavy rain
• Declared as Fire Prevention Month


  March
• The purpose is to provide awareness and education about preventing fire accidents
• Late President Ferdinand Marcos signed Proclamation No. 115, stating the year 1966 and every year subsequently as Safety and Accident Prevention Year


  1966
• Bureau of Fire Protection


  Government agency mandated to prevent and suppress all kinds of destructive fires, investigate its causes, enforce fire-related laws and provide emergency medical and rescue services
• This year's theme is "Sa Pag-iwas sa Sunog Di Ka Nag-iisa"
• Fire can start and happen anywhere, some fires cause a threat, damage, and even death
• Every school conducts a fire drill every year to promote safety and security to faculty members, staff and students
• Fire Triangle


  Oxygen, heat, and fuel are the three elements a fire needs to ignite
• Fire Tetrahedral


  The fire triangle plus the fourth element, the chemical reaction
• Functions of fire triangle

  1. Illustrates the three elements a fire needs to ignite: heat, fuel, and an oxidizing agent (usually oxygen)

  2. A fire can be prevented or extinguished by removing any one of the elements in the fire triangle
• Natural causes of fire


  • Lightning
  • Volcanic activities
  • Spontaneous Combustion
• Human-made causes of fire

  • Wildfires or forest fires
  • Cooking equipment
  • Heaters
  • Smoking in bedrooms
  • Candles
  • Curious children
  • Faulty wiring
  • Barbeques
  • Flammable liquids
  • Lighting
• Natural causes of forest fires


  • Volcanic Eruptions
  • Spontaneous fires
  • Underground coal fires
  • Dry lightning storms
  • Rockfall sparks
• Man-made causes of forest fires

  • Cigarette stubs
  • Campfires/Bonfires
  • Equipment related fires
  • Arson for land clearing
  • Global warming
• Class A fires


  Fires in ordinary combustibles, such as wood, paper, cloth, rubber, and many plastics. Making the fuel cool below ignition temperature can extinguish the fire.
• Class B fires


  Fires in flammable liquids-such as gasoline, petroleum greases, tars, oils, oil-based paints, solvents and alcohols or flammable gases, propane, and butane. This type of fire can be extinguished by forming a blockage between oxygen and the fuel, for instance, by applying a layer of foam.
• Class C fires


  Involve fuel that belongs to either class A or B but which also involve powered electrical equipment like home appliances, motors, and transformers. This type of fire requires knowledge of special techniques and agents (usually carbon dioxide or dry chemical agents) to be extinguished. Because of the involvement of electricity, extinguishing this fire type by water is very dangerous and out of the question.
• Class D fires


  Involve combustible metals such as aluminum, lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, titanium, and zirconium, most of which are usually contained in automobiles. Salt-based special powders and clean dry sand are effective in extinguishing such fires.
• Class K fires


  Involve fuels such as cooking oils and greases (animal-and vegetable-fat derived). Only a fully-protected firefighter should deal with such fires.
• FEMA is the life safety group, Saving Lives, Protecting Property
• The Fire Equipment Manufacturers' Association's mission is to educate others about the importance of balanced fire protection design, which focuses on the premise that safety to life does not depend solely on any single safeguard