MEDTERM

• Necrosis


  The death of Tissue in a living organism due to injury, disease, or lack of blood supply
• Autophagy


  Process by which a cell degrades its own components through lysosomal machinery, essential for cellular cleanup and removal; self-eating
• Hypoxia


  A deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissue
• Ischemia


  Inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, especially in the heart muscles (e.g. myocardial ischemia)
• Hyperplasia


  Enlargement of an organ or tissue caused by an increase in the reproductive rate of cells
• • plasia


  Medical suffix means "formation" or "growth"
• Hypertrophy


  Increase in the volume of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its cell
• Dysplasia


  Presence of cells of an abnormal type with a tissue; signifies a stage preceding the development of cancer
• Neoplasia


  New, abnormal growth of cell; either cancerous or benign
• Aplasia


  Failure of an organ or tissue to develop or to function normally
• Atrophy


  Decrease in size or wasting away of a body part or tissue
• Edema


  Excess watery fluid collecting in the cavities or tissues of the body
• Infarction


  Obstruction of the blood supply to an organ or region of tissue, causing death of the tissue
• Pathogen


  Any organism or agent that causes diseases
• Allergen


  Substance that causes an allergic reaction
• Antigen


  Substance that when introduces into the body, prompts the generation of antibodies, initiating an immune response
• Antibody


  Blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen. Part of the immune system
• Macrophage


  Large white blood cell that is an integral part of the immune system. Responsible for detecting, engulfing, and destroying pathogens and apoptotic cells
• Hypersensitivity


  Increased reactivity or sensitivity to an antigen, leading to exaggerated immune responses
• Anaphylaxis


  Severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction
• Urticaria (Hives)


  Skin rash triggered by a reaction to food, medicine, or other irritants
• Carcinoma


  Type of cancer that starts in cells that make up the skin or the tissue ling organs, such as live or kidneys; epithelial tissue
• Sarcoma


  Malignant tumor of the bone or soft tissue (muscle fats, fibrous tissue, blood vessels; connective tissue
• Acute Inflammation


  Initial response of a body to harmful stimuli; heat, redness, swelling, pain, and loss of function; short duration
• Chronic Inflammation


  Prolonged inflammation; active inflammation tissue destruction, and attempts at repair
• Lymphoma


  Cancer that begins in lymphocytes (T cells or B cells) which are part of the immune system
• Leukemia


  Type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow; an overproduction of immune white blood cells
• Cachexia


  Complex metabolic syndrome associated with underlying illness and characterized by loss of muscles with or without loss of fat mass
• Hemorrhage


  Escape of blood from the circulatory system due to ruptured blood vessels
• Thrombosis


  Formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessels, obstructing the flow of blood through the circulatory system
• Embolism


  Sudden Blockage of a blood vessels by an embolus – a blood clot, fat globule, air bubble, or other foreign material that has been carried in the bloodstream
• Aneurysm


  Abnormal bulge or ballooning in the wall of a blood vessels, usually in an artery, due to weakness in the vessel walls
• Atherosclerosis


  Disease in which plaque builds up inside the arteries, leading to reduced blood flow
• Hypertension


  Condition which the blood vessels have persistently raised pressure, which can damage them over time
• Shock


  Critical condition that results from insufficient blood flow throughout the body, leading to organ failure
• Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)


  The formation of a blood clot in a deep vein, predominantly in the legs
• Pulmonary Embolism (PE)


  Condition in which one or more arteries in the lungs become blocked by a blood clot
• Myocardial Ischemia


  Insufficient blood flow to the heart muscle leading to chest pain or discomfort
• Pyrexia


  Fever; an elevated body temperature above the normal range (starts at 38 ̊C)
• Hyperthermia


  Excessive elevation in body temperature beyond the body's ability to regulate it (starts at 40 ̊C)