HEALTH ED CH 7-9

• Computer Teaching Strategies


  • Can be used to teach nurses, students and patients
  • Can be very effective in the hands of an astute nurse
• Drill and Practice


  • The simplest level of CAI
  • Students have already learned information, either through computer programs or other teaching methods
• Tutorials


  • Second mode in which CAI may be written
  • Presenting information and asking questions in case the student gets stuck
• Games

  Just as board games, card games and trivia games can be used to teach nursing, so can computer games
• Simulations


  • One of the most exciting and available forms of CAI
  • Provides students all details about a particular patient situation and asks them to assess the patient, arrive at diagnoses, plan interventions and evaluate care
• Computer Simulation Format


  1. Description of a patient situation

  2. Student selects which data should be collected

  3. Computer provides feedback about choices

  4. Student uses the correct data to arrive at nursing diagnoses

  5. Student selects appropriate nursing goals

  6. Computer responds to each selection as to why it is or is not correct

  7. Student selects appropriate actions

  8. Computer responds with positive and negative effects of each actions

  9. Student selects evaluation criteria that indicate success of nursing actions

  10. Computer provides feedback on evaluation criteria
• Multimedia Presentation


  • Sometimes called hypermedia
  • Programs may incorporate text, sound tracks, graphics, still photos, animations, video clips, and material from the World Wide Web (www)
• Evaluating Software


  Manual (user's guide) generally not made available to learners but should be able to the nurse educators
• Criteria for evaluating CAI software


  • Accuracy
  • Ease of use
  • Design
  • Appearance
  • Feedback
  • Cost Effectiveness
• Three forces of urgency to the delivery of patient education


  • Expectation of accreditation organizations
  • The increase in lawsuits against health core facilities and providers
  • The rise in consumerism in our society
• CAI is at least as effective if not more effective than traditional pedagogy for the content areas studied
• The vast number of studies that have been conducted give weight to the effective conclusion that CAI is an effective way to achieve student learning
• Internet


  A mammoth complex of computer connections across continents, connecting many millions of computers
• Email


  Electronic mail; can be used to provide greater collaboration between teachers and students and between students and students
• New Groups


  Are similar to list serves in that they are discussion groups of people with similar interests
• World Wide Web


  • A collection of millions of documents found on Web Pages that interface to the Internet
  • "Surfing the web" is an appropriate phrase some people take, but it is like aimlessly walking up and down unmarked and unfamiliar supermarket aisles, hoping you soon find the item you are seeking
• Criteria for evaluating World Wide Web Sites


  • Purpose
  • Currency
  • Credibility
  • Content Accuracy
• Virtual Reality


  • A computer-based, simulated three-dimensional environment in which the participant interacts with a virtual world
  • Only in virtual reality can the learner enter a virtual world and feel an object, move it, and measure its movements
• Distance Learning


  • Also called distance education; e-learning, and online learning
  • A format of education characterized by the physical separation of teachers and students during instruction and the usage of technologies in facilitating student-teacher and student-student communication
• Via Internet


  • A platform delivering virtual courses and is a popular alternative to traditional face-to-face classroom-based education
  • Characterized by universal appeal, global access, consistent interface, media richness, lower connection costs, quicker development time
• Interactive TV Classes


  A platform of learning that provides two-way synchronous communication by utilizing interactive TV or similar screen-based devices
• Courses


  Educational course materials or courseware are usually modified and added with various different media and are uploaded to a networked environment for online access
• Learning Management Systems (LMS)


  Are web-based technologies that provide data management, assessment, reporting, and a platform for instructional materials to assist online learners and faculty to engage in teaching/learning activities
• Informal Learning


  • One of the most dynamic and adaptable features of learning but least recognized
  • Driven by the need for information (and how we intend to use it)
• Blended Learning


  • One type of educational format that has been found to meet learner needs for flexibility yet include face-to-face interaction is hybrid or blended delivery
  • This format includes both in-class learning for part of a course and online learning for another part of the course
  • Defined as combining face-to-face experiences with online learning experiences to maximize the strengths of each for optimal learning
• Communities


  • Strongly contribute to the flow of tacit knowledge
  • Learning is social
• Knowledge Management


  Concerned with how to create an atmosphere for people to share knowledge on distribution, adoption, and information exchange activities in an organization
• Learning Networks


  A procedure of developing and preserving relationships with people and information and communicating to support each other's learning
• Cable TV


  Is legally obligated to provide public access programming by offering channels for community members and organizations to air their own programs
• Satellite Broadcasting


  • A much more sophisticated form of telecommunications, can reach far more distant locations and carry a variety of programs at any given time
  • Because of its expense, not many institutions send health information via this mode, but many receive it
• Video Teleconferencing


  • For continuing education and staff development
  • Potential to maintain the quality and viability of continuing education programs in geographical areas
• Teaching Psychomotor Skills


  Includes the skill requiring the use and coordination of skeletal muscles, as in the physical activities of performing, manipulating, and constructing
• Five levels in the development of psychomotor skills

  • Imitation
  • Manipulation
  • Precision
  • Articulation
  • Naturalization
• Approaches to Teaching Psychomotor Skills

  1. State the objectives

  2. Present an overview or demonstration

  3. Have learners perform the skill

  4. Provide guidance and feedback

  5. Gradually raise criteria for satisfactory performance