Biology Chapter 1

• Prokaryotes have no nucleus and lack membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotes have a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
• Cells can be classified as prokaryotic or eukaryotic based on their structure.
• The cell theory states that all living things are made up of cells, the smallest unit of life.
• Eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic cells.
• The cell wall is present only in plant cells and some bacteria.
• The cell wall is an outer layer that provides support to the cell and helps maintain its shape.
• Plant cells contain chloroplasts that carry out photosynthesis.
• Plant cells contain chloroplasts, which are responsible for photosynthesis.
• Viruses are not considered living because they cannot reproduce without a host cell.
• Animal cells do not contain chloroplasts but may contain mitochondria.
• Animal cells do not have chloroplasts because they cannot make food through photosynthesis.
• Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms found everywhere on Earth.
• Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum.
• Ribosomes synthesize proteins using information from DNA.
• Mitochondria generate energy through cellular respiration.
• Mitochondria produce energy through aerobic respiration.
• Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis within the cell.
• Nucleus contains genetic material (DNA) and controls all activities within the cell.
• The nucleus contains genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities such as growth and reproduction.
• Cellular respiration converts glucose into ATP, which can be used as energy by other cells.
• Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight into sugar molecules.
• Plant cells contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis, while animal cells do not.
• Photosynthesis is the process where plants convert sunlight into chemical energy.
• Vacuoles store water, nutrients, and waste products.
• Plants use photosynthesis to make their own food from carbon dioxide and water using chlorophyll.
• Photosynthesis is the process where plants convert sunlight into chemical energy that they use to grow.
• Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and are involved in photosynthesis.
• Vacuoles store water, nutrients, and waste products.
• The cell wall provides support and protection to plant cells.
• Cell walls are made up of cellulose fibers and give structure to plant cells.