Health

• Gateway drugs


  Substances that, when consumed, give way to harder, more dangerous drugs
• Tobacco


  • A plant grown for its leaves, dried and fermented before being put in tobacco products
  • Contains nicotine, an ingredient that can lead to addiction
• Mainstream smoke


  The smoke that is inhaled by a smoker and then exhaled into the environment
• Secondhand smoke


  The combination of smoke from the burning end of a cigarette, and the smoke breathed out by smokers

  
• Third-hand Smoke


  A cloud of smoke that settles or is left for a long time on clothes, sofa, beddings, pillows, carpet, car seats, and other objects
• Dangerous effects of Smoking

  • Cancer
  • Heart disease
  • Stroke
  • Lung diseases
  • Diabetes
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including emphysema and chronic bronchitis
  • Tuberculosis
  • Certain eye diseases
  • Immune system problems, including rheumatoid arthritis
  • Pregnancy complications, including miscarriages and birth defects
• Major Components of Cigarette Smoke


  • Tar
  • Nicotine
  • Carbon monoxide
• Tar


  Contains most cancer-causing and other harmful chemicals found in tobacco smoke
• Nicotine


  The addictive component of cigarette smoke
• Carbon monoxide


  A poisonous, colorless, and odorless gas
• Short-Term Effects of Smoking

  • Bad breath
  • Momentary stimulation followed by a state of withdrawal and reduced brain activity
  • Fatigue and dizziness
  • Dulling the senses of taste and smell
  • Coughing
  • Shortness of breath
  • Increased blood pressure
  • Increased heart rate
  • Decreased blood flow
  • Nausea
  • Headaches
• Long-Term Effects of Smoking

  • Reduces life expectancy
  • Asthma
  • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
  • Emphysema
  • Tuberculosis
  • Heart Disease
  • Stroke
  • Vascular Dementia
  • Rheumatoid arthritis can develop
  • Crohn's disease
  • Cancer
  • Eye Problems
  • Weaker immune system
• Other side effects of smoking cigarettes

  • Fertility problems
  • Increased risk of miscarriage
  • Early menopause
  • Menstrual problems
  • Complete loss of sense of smell and taste
  • Yellow teeth, tooth decay, and bad breath
  • Stomach ulcers
  • Grey appearance
  • Early wrinkles
  • Back pain
  • Increased susceptibility to infection
• Alcohol


  Formed when yeast ferments (breaks down without oxygen) the sugars in different foods
• Alcohol is classed as a 'sedative hypnotic' drug


  It depresses the central nervous system at high doses
• Types of alcohol


  • Isopropyl
  • Methanol
  • Ethanol
• Ethanol

  Also called beverage alcohol, this is what humans consume that intoxicates and alters the nervous system
• Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)


  The amount of alcohol that enters the bloodstream at a certain period, measured in percentages
• Short Term effects of Alcohol

  • Slurred speech
  • Drowsiness
  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhea
  • Upset stomach
  • Headaches
  • Breathing difficulties
  • Distorted vision and hearing
  • Impaired judgment
  • Decreased perception and coordination
  • Unconsciousness
  • Intoxication or drunkenness
  • Anemia (loss of red blood cells)
  • Coma
  • Blackouts (memory lapses, where the drinker cannot remember events that occurred while under the influence
• Long Terms Effects of Alcohol

  • Unintentional injuries such as car crashes fall, burns, drowning
  • Intentional injuries such as firearm injuries, sexual assault, domestic violence
  • Increased on-the-job injuries and loss of productivity
  • Increased family problems, broken relationships
  • Alcohol poisoning
  • High blood pressure, stroke, and other heart-related diseases
  • Liver disease
  • Nerve damage
  • Sexual problems
  • Permanent damage to the brain
  • Vitamin B1 deficiency, which can lead to a disorder characterized by amnesia, apathy, and disorientation
  • Ulcers
  • Gastritis (inflammation of stomach walls)
  • Malnutrition
  • Cancer of the mouth and throat
• Skills to resist pressure from smoking cigarettes or drinking alcoholic beverages

  • Say "NO THANKS" and be assertive
  • Give a Reason, Fact, or Excuse
  • Walk Away
  • Change the Subject
  • Use Humor
  • Give cold shoulder or ignore if persistent
  • Avoid the situation
  • Offer alternatives
  • Surround yourself with good people
• Tips to prevent and control cigarette smoking

  • Do not let your parents or other adults send you to buy cigarettes
  • Ask your parents or other adults at home not to smoke in front of you
  • Learn to say NO
  • Smoking is not cool
  • Be productive
  • Be Empowered
  • Think positive
  • Plan to quit smoking (if already smoking)
  • Consider your diet
  • Get some support
  • Get moving or engage in sports
  • Make non-smoking friends
  • Make a list of reasons to quit
• Tips to control alcohol consumption

  • Don't Keep Alcohol at Home
  • Do not let your parents or other adults send you to buy Alcohol
  • Surround Yourself with Non-Drinkers
  • Know the Consequences of Alcohol Abuse
• Policies and Laws Regarding Cigarette Smoking


  • Republic Act No. 9211, otherwise known as The Tobacco Regulation Act of 2003
  • Republic Act No. 8749, also known as the Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999
• Laws to prevent alcohol abuse and alcoholism

  • The Licensing and Catering Act
  • The Criminal Code
  • The Road Traffic Act
  • The Media Act
• Healthy Alternatives to cigarettes and alcohol to promote a healthy lifestyle

  • Drink a glass of water
  • Suck on a piece of candy or lollipop
  • Eat a popsicle or wash and freeze grapes or fruit on a cookie sheet for a healthy frozen snack
  • Floss and brush your teeth
  • Chew a piece of gum
  • Eat a hot fudge sundae
  • Whistle or hum for a while
  • Do three sets of ten jumping jacks
  • Run in place
  • Turn on the radio or play your favorite song from your smartphone and sing at the top of your lungs
  • If music is playing, dance like nobody's watching
  • Spray cologne or your favorite perfume and remind yourself how nice it is that they don't smell like tobacco
  • Alternative drinks like soda, powdered juice, powdered iced tea, etc.