Chapter 4
Cards (29)
- Any distinguishable, relatively enduring way in which one individual varies from another.
- Distinguish one person from another but are relatively less enduring
- Referring to an absence of primacy of male or female characteristics.
- Refers to an observable action or the product of an observable action, including test- or assessment-related responses.
- An assumption wherein measuring traits and states means of a test entails developing not only appropriate tests items but also appropriate ways to score the test and interpret the results.
- Assumption that the more the testtaker responds in a particular direction keyed by the test manual as correct or consistent with a particular trait, the higher that testtaker is presumed to be on the targeted ability or trait.
- An assumption wherein the tasks in some tests mimic the actual behaviors that the test user is attempting to understand.
- In this assumption, competent test users understand and appreciate the limitations of the test they use as well as how those limitations might be compensated for by data from other sources
- Refers to a long-standing assumption that factors other than what a test attempts to measure will influence performance on the test.
- It is the component of a test score attributable to sources other than the trait or ability measured
- Despite best efforts of many professionals, fairness-related questions and problems do occasionally rise.
- Considering the many critical decisions that are based on testing and assessment procedures, we can readily appreciate the need for tests
- Dependability or consistency of the instrument or scores obtained by the same person when re-examined with the same test on different occasions, or with different sets of equivalent items.
- A judgment or estimate of how well a test measures what it supposed to measure.
- This refers to behavior that is usual, average, normal, standard, expected, or typical.
- A method of evaluation and a way of deriving meaning from test scores by evaluating an individual test teaker's score and comparing it to scores of a group of test takers.
- It is the controversial practice of norming on the basis of race or ethnic background.
- This is the process of administering a test to a representative sample of test takers for the purpose of establishing norms.
- A portion of the universe of people deemed to be representative of the whole population.
- The process of selecting the portion of the universe deemed to be representative of the whole population.
- This type of sampling would help prevent sampling bias and ultimately aid in the interpretation of the findings.
- Types of norms:
- It is an expression of the percentage of people whose score on a test or measure falls below a particular raw score.
- This refers to the distribution of raw scores more specifically to the number of items that were answered correctly multiplied by 100 and divided by the total number of items.
- Indicate the average performance of different samples of test takers who were at various ages at the time the test was administered.
- Are developed by administering the test to representative samples of children over a range of consecutive grade levels.
- Derived from a normative sample that was nationally representative of the population at the time the norming study was conducted.
- Provide normative information with respect to the local population's performance on some test.
- This refers to the distribution of scores obtained on the test from one group of test takers.