biomolecules part 1

• amino acids 


  formed by -NH2 and -COOH, H and a variable group R
• amino acids 


  they are substituted methanes
• what are the 3 types of amino acids?

  acidic, basic, and neutral
• aromatic amino acids

  tyrosine, phenyl alanine and trytophan
• essential amino acids


  cannot be synthesized, lysine, leucine, isoleucine, and tryptophan
• non essential amino acids


  can be synthesized in the body, glycine, alanine, seirne, arginine
• if both -NH2 and -COOH are ionized, what is it called?

  zwitterion
• lipids


  contain C, H, and O but number of Oxygen atoms are less
• lipids are?


  water insoluble
• types of lipids


  simple, compund, and derived
• simple lipids 


  formed of fatty acids and alcohol like glycerol
• backbone of lipid structure

  trihdryoxy propane
• fatty acids are esterified with glycerol through ester bond forming?

  monoglycerides, diglycerides, and triglycerides
• saturated fatty acids 


  no double or triple bonds
• unsaturated fatty acids


  one or more C=C bonds
• compound lipids


  there are the esters of fatty acids and alcohol with additional groups
• derived lipids


  these are the products of hydrolysis of simple and compound lipids, cholesterol
• sugar


  formed of C, H, O in the ration of 1:2:1
• nitrogen bases 


  these are the nitrogen containing cyclic compounds found in nucleic acids
• 2 classificaions of nitrogen bases

  purines and pyrimidines
• purines


  adenine, guanine
• pyrimidines


  cytosine, thymine, uracil
• nucleosides


  compounds formed by linking of a nitrogen base with a sugar
• nucleotides


  compounds formed by linking of a nucleoside with a phosphate
• nucleotides are?

  heterocyclic compounds
• nucleic acids are made up of?

  nucleotides
• nitrogen bases

  • adenine