Biology Paper 1

Created by

Daisy Robinson

Cards (119)

What are eukaryotic cells?
Animal and plant cells- they are more complex
What are prokaryotic cells?
Bacteria- they are simpler
What are the different parts of a cell called?
Subcellular structures
What does the cell membrane do?
Controls what goes in and out the cell- holds the cell together
What does the cytoplasm have in it to control chemical reactions?
Enzymes
What does mitochondria do?
Where aerobic respiration in the cell takes place, respiration transfers energy that the cell needs
What are ribosomes? 
Where proteins are made in the cell
What is in an animal cell?
Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosomes.
What is in a plant cell?
Cell wall, cell membrane, vacuole, chloroplast, cytoplasm, nucleus
What is in a bacteria cell?
Cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, flagella, single strand of DNA (floats freely throughout cell)
What does a cell wall do? 
Supports the cell
What does the vacuole do?
Contains cell sap
What does chloroplast do?
Where photosynthesis happens, makes food for the plant, absorbs light.
What are the stages of the cell cycle? 
DNA synthesises, mitosis, cytoplasm seperates, cell growth
Which is the only artery that doesn’t carry oxygenated blood? 
The pulmonary artery
Which is the only vein that carries oxygenated blood? 
The pulmonary vein
Stages of mitosis 
The cell begins to divide,
The DNA replicates to form two copies of each chromosome,
The chromosomes line up in the centre of the cell,
One set of chromosomes are pulled to each end of the cell and the nucleus divides
Where does cell division occur in plants? 
meristems
Two things that make exchange surfaces efficient
a large surface area
a short distance required for diffusion
What does phloem do? 
transports products of photosynthesis from the leaf to where they are needed
What does xylem do? 
transports water and dissolved minerals from the roots up to the plant
Where can adult stem cells be found?
bone marrow
What can adult stem cells differentiate into?
blood cells
What can meristem cells differentiate into?
they can produce all types of plant cells
What is therapeutic cloning? 
a process that produces an embryo with genes that are identical to the patient's
What does amylase break down?
starch
What does starch break down into? 
Glucose
What is an organelle? 
A specialised structure within a cell that performs a specific function
What is a tissue?
A group of cells that perform a specific function.
What is an organ?
A group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function in the body.
What is an organ system?
An organ system is a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function in the body.
2 ways to treat coronary heart disease
stent and statins
What is a statin? 
A drug to lower the cholesterol in the blood. They do this by lowering its production in the liver
Where does deoxygenated blood enter first? 
vena cava
Where does deoxygenated blood go after the vena cava?
the right atrium
Where does deoxygenated blood go after the right atrium?
the right ventricle
Where does the blood go after the right ventricle?
pulmonary artery
What happens at the pulmonary artery?
blood goes to the lungs where gas exchange occurs and becomes oxygenated
Where does the blood go after it becomes oxygenated?
pulmonary vein
where does the blood go after the pulmonary vein?
the left atrium