Additional Notes

• Peroneus Longus and Brevis: Synergist to Peroneus Tertius in terms of eversion; Antagonistic in terms of plantar flexion and dorsiflexion
• Peroneus Longus will pass through the groove of the cuboid to reach the medial cuneiform and then the first metatarsal bone.
• Peroneus Brevis acts as a strut at the lateral longitudinal arch by virtue of its insertion base of the fifth metatarsal.
• Triceps surae consists of the two gastrocnemius heads and the soleus.
• Calcaneal tendon is commonly known as Achilles tendon which is the common insertion of Soleus and Gastrocnemius.
• Medial rotation of the popliteus is important in unlocking the knee for knee flexion.
• Anterior tibial nerve syndrome pertains to the lesion of the deep peroneal nerve in which the contraction of the ER compresses all structures beneath it.
• Extensor digitorum brevis is considered as an extrinsic muscle of the foot but is part of the anterior compartment of the leg and dorsum of the foot.
• Windlass mechanism is when the arch of the foot is raised when metatarsals of the foot are dorsiflexed; positive result indicates plantar fasciitis
• Medial plantar nerve is homologue of the median nerve of the upper extremity.
• Sural nerve innervates the skin on the posterior aspect of the lower leg and lateral surface of the foot.
• Lateral plantar nerve is homologue of the ulnar nerve of the upper extremity.
• Tarsal tunnel syndrome manifest as plantar pain rather than leg pain; mimics plantar fasciitis