Lesson 1

• Intellectual Property (IP)

  Creations of the mind, such as inventions; literary and artistic works; designs; and symbols, names and images used in commerce
• Intellectual property is protected in law
• Types of Intellectual Property

  • Copyright
  • Patent
  • Trademarks
  • Industrial Design
  • Geographical Origin
• Copyright

  A legal term used to describe the rights that creators have over their literary and artistic works
• Copyright covers books, music, paintings, sculpture and films, to computer programs, databases, advertisements, maps and technical drawings
• Republic Act 8293 - Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines

  Defines the validity period for different types of copyrighted works
• Patent

  An exclusive right granted for an invention, providing the patent owner with the right to decide how - or whether - the invention can be used by others
• Design Patents

  • The famous gravity-defying lean of Michael Jackson
• Trademarks

  A sign capable of distinguishing the goods or services of one enterprise from those of other enterprises
• Trademark Infringement

  • Mars sues Hershey for trademark infringement over MALTESER brand
• Industrial Design

  Constitutes the ornamental or aesthetic aspect of an article, may consist of three-dimensional features such as the shape or surface of an article, or of two-dimensional features, such as patterns, lines or color
• Geographical Indications and Appellations of Origin

  Signs used on goods that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities, a reputation or characteristics that are essentially attributable to that place of origin
• Current events: Massive seizure of pirated DVDs worth over 100 million pesos in Quiapo, Manila
• Current events: Suspect in film and TV series piracy arrested
• Fair Use

  You can use copyrighted material without a license only for certain purposes, including commentary, criticism, reporting, research, and teaching
• Fair Use Guidelines


  • A majority of the content you create must be your own
  • Give credit to the copyright holder
  • Don't make money off of the copyrighted work
• Creative Commons


  An American non-profit organization devoted to expanding the range of creative works available for others to build upon legally and to share
• Creative Commons Licenses


  • Attribution
  • Non-Commercial
  • No Derivative Works
  • Share Alike
• The Intellectual Property Law of the Philippines protects the rights of inventors, scientists, and artists
• Violations of the Intellectual Property Code include acts that infringe on copyrights, patents, and trademarks
• The Intellectual Property Office of the Philippines is in charge of implementing the Intellectual Property Code
• Examples of copyright protected works under Philippine law


  • Literary works
  • Artistic works
  • Photographic works
  • Audiovisual works
  • Sound recordings
  • Broadcast recordings
• Original works vs. derivative works


  Original works are created independently, while derivative works are based on pre-existing works
• Examples of works not protected by copyright


  • Ideas
  • Procedures
  • Processes
  • Systems
  • Methods of operation
  • Concepts
  • Principles
  • Discoveries
• As a student, you can promote ethical use of media and information by following fair use guidelines and using Creative Commons licensed materials