Intro to body system

Cards (48)

  • Femur
    Longest bone
  • Functions of the Skeletal System
    • Provides shape & support
    • Helps us move
    • Protect organs (ex. lungs & heart)
    • Produce blood cells
    • Stores minerals (ex. calcium, collagen)
  • Skull
    Protects brain
  • Vertebrae
    Protects spinal cord
  • Femur
    Produces blood cells in legs
  • Humerus
    Produces blood cells in arms
  • Cartilage is more flexible than bone, examples are nose, top of ears, end of bones
  • Ligaments
    Hold bones together to form joints
  • Bone Marrow
    Soft connective tissue found in spaces in bone
  • Red Marrow
    Produces the body's blood cells
  • Yellow Marrow
    Stores fat (energy reserve)
  • Muscular System helps the body move, moves food through the digestive system, keeps the heart beating
  • Gluteus Maximus
    Biggest Muscle
  • Muscle Action
    Heart muscle (beating) is Involuntary, Voluntary muscle is used for dancing, singing, running
  • There are 3 types of muscle: skeletal, smooth, cardiac
  • Integumentary System is composed of skin, nails, hair
  • Functions of the Integumentary System
    • Covers and protects the body to prevent water loss and keep out foreign particles
    • Keeps you in touch with the environment (nerve endings)
    • Regulates body temperature
    • Gets rid of wastes (sweat/perspiration)
  • Skin is the largest organ of the body
  • Integumentary system is connected to the immune system and is the first line of defense
  • Layers of the Epidermis
    • Stratum corneum
    • Stratum lucideum
    • Stratum granulosum
    • Stratum spinosum
    • Stratum basale
  • Dermis

    Lower layer of the skin that contains nerves, blood vessels, sweat glands, hairs & oil glands
  • Nervous System receives information about what is happening inside and outside of the body, directs the way our body responds, and helps maintain homeostasis
  • Organs of the Nervous System
    • Brain
    • Nerves
    • Spinal Cord
  • The Nervous System has two divisions: Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
  • Parts of the Brain
    • Cerebrum
    • Cerebellum
    • Brainstem (medulla)
  • Functional Areas of the Cerebellum
    • Motor Functions (Coordination of movement, Balance and equilibrium, Posture)
  • Neurons
    Nerve cells specialized to transfer messages in the form of fast-moving electrical energy
  • Path of nerve impulse
    Sensory neuron -> Spinal cord -> Brain -> Spinal cord -> Motor neuron
  • The Respiratory System brings oxygen from the outside environment into the body and removes carbon dioxide and water from the body
  • The Circulatory System carries oxygen and glucose to cells and carries wastes away from cells
  • Organs of the Circulatory System
    • Heart
    • Arteries
    • Veins
  • Aorta
    Largest artery
  • Vena Cava
    Largest vein
  • Blood Vessels

    • Arteries
    • Capillaries
    • Veins
  • Components of Blood

    • Plasma
    • Red Blood Cells
    • White Blood Cells
    • Platelets
  • Types of White Blood Cells

    • Neutrophils - first to respond
    • Eosinophils - allergy
    • Basophils - asthma
    • Lymphocytes- produce antibodies
    • Monocytes - clean up dead cells
  • Types of Lymphocytes

    • B cell
    • Helper T cell
    • Cytotoxic T cell
    • Regulatory T cell
    • Natural Killer cell
  • The Digestive System breaks down food into molecules the body can use, which are then absorbed into the blood and carried throughout the body
  • Organs of the Digestive System

    • Mouth - where mechanical and chemical digestion starts
    • Esophagus- connects mouth to stomach
    • Stomach - digestive juices (enzymes,acids)
    • Small Intestine - Absorption of nutrients into blood stream
    • Large Intestine- remaining materials are ready for elimination
    • Rectum- waste materials is composed to solid
  • Path of food through the Digestive System
    Mouth -> Esophagus -> Stomach -> Small Intestine -> Large Intestine -> Rectum -> Eliminated from body