3I's

• Research Data Analysis - a process a researcher uses to reduce data to a story and interpret it to derive insights. It helps in reducing a large chunk of data into smaller fragments, which makes sense.
• Qualitative Data - non numerical, it can be presented in words and descriptions, can be nominal or ordinal.
• Quantitative Data - numerical data, these are expressed in numbers and numerical figures, can be continuous or discrete.
• Word-based method - the most relied and widely used global technique for research and data analysis. The researchers usually read the available data and find repetitive or commonly used words.
• Keyword Context - in this method, the researcher tries to understand the concept by analyzing the context in which the participants use a particular keyword.
• Scrutiny-based technique - one of the highly recommended text analysis methods used to identify a quality data pattern. Compare and contrast is used under this technique to differentiate how a specific text is similar or different from each other.
• Metaphors - it can be used to reduce the data pile and find patterns in it so that it becomes easier to connect data with theory.
• Variable Partitioning - it is another technique to split variables so that researchers can find more coherent descriptions and explanations from the enormous data.
• Content Analysis - It is widely accepted and the most frequently employed technique. It can be used to analyze the documented information from text, images and sometimes from the physical items. Researchers can quantify and analyze the presence, meanings, and relationships of such certain words, themes, or concepts.
• Narrative Analysis - It is used to interpret research participants’ stories. This method is used to analyze content gathered from various sources such personal interviews, field observation, and surveys.
• Discourse Analysis - It is the act of researching the underlying meaning of qualitative data. It is used to analyze the interactions with people. It involves the observation of texts, audio, and videos to study the relationships between information and its social context.
• Grounded Theory - It is used when you want to explain why a particular phenomenon happened. It is a method of conducting qualitative research to develop theories by examining real-world data.
• Statistical Techniques - are the most commonly used to analyze numerical data.
• Descriptive Statistics - used to describe data it focuses on Measures of Central Tendency and Standard Deviation
• Inferential Statistics - helps in comparing the data
• Mean - described as the arithmetic average of a set of numbers.
• Median - the middle number in an ordered data set.
• Mode - item or score in the data set that appears the most.
• Standard Deviation - it shows the extent of difference of the data from the mean. It provides the researcher with an idea about the similarities and differences of the respondents.
• Findings of the Study - deal with the results of the study.
• Conclusions - insights drawn from the findings of each problem. It is a brief section that summarizes and synthesizes the main points and their implication and significance.
• Recommendation - can be practical suggestions for future research in similar fields or recommendations for change or both; or the solutions based on the conclusions.