Separation techniques

• filtration: The process used to separate insoluble solids from a liquid using a filter.
• chromatography: A process used to separate different substances dissolved in a liquid.
• distillation: separates a liquid from a solution by evaporating the liquid and condensing the vapour.
• evaporation: The process of a liquid turning into a gas.
• decanting: carefully pouring the insoluble solid and leave behind the water/solvent.
• solute: The solid that dissolves.
• solvent: The liquid that the solute is being dissolved into.
• solution: a mixture of two or more substances that are dissolved in each other.
• dissolve: The process in which the solute mixes with the solvent and the solvent breaks down into much smaller particles and spreads out.
• soluble: The substance is able to dissolve.
• insoluble: The substance does not dissolve.
• residue: The leftover solid on the filter paper.
• filtrate: The liquid which passes through the filter paper.
• distillate: The water vapour which gets collected and passes through the filter paper.
• boiling: When a liquid turns into a gas and absorbs energy from it's surroundings.
• condensation: The process of a gas turning into a liquid.
• crystallisation: Crystallisation is used to produce solid crystals from a solution. When the solution is warmed, some of the solvent evaporates leaving behind a more concentrated solution.
• Stationary phase: The phase that is not moving (The paper)
• Mobile phase: The phase that is moving (The solvent)
• affinity: a natural liking for a substance.