Facilities

• Facilities can be broadly defined as buildings where people, material, and machines come together for a stated purpose - typically to make a tangible product or provide a service.
• The facility must be properly managed to achieve its stated purpose while satisfying several objectives.

  Such objectives include producing a product or producing a service

  at lower cost,

  at higher quality,

  or using the least amount of resources.
• Importance of Facilities Planning & Design

  Manufacturing and Service companies spend a significant amount of time and money to design or redesign their facilities. This is an extremely important issue and must be addressed before products are produced or services are rendered.
• A poor facility design can be costly and may result in:

  poor quality products,

  low employee morale,

  customer dissatisfaction.
• Facilities Planning (FP) has been very popular. It is a complex and a broad subject.

  Within the engineering profession:

  civil engineers,

  electrical engineers,

  industrial engineers,

  mechanical engineers are involved in FP.

  Additionally,

  architects,

  consultants,

  general contractors,

  managers,

  real estate brokers, and

  urban planners are involved in FP.
• VARIETY OF FACILITY PLANNING (FP) TOOLS

  tools vary from

  checklists

  cookbook type approaches

  ⚫ highly sophisticated mathematical modeling approaches.

  • In this course, a practical approach to facilities planning will be employed taking advantage of empirical and analytical approaches using both traditional and contemporary concepts.
• APPLICATIONS OF FACILITIES PLANNING (FP)

  Facilities Planning (FP) can be applied to planning of:

  a new hospital,

  an assembly department,

  an existing warehouse,

  the baggage department in an airport,

  department building of IE in EMU,

  a production plant,

  a retail store,

  a dormitory,

  ⚫ a bank,

  an office,

  a cinema,

  . a parking lot,

  or any portion of these activities etc...
• IN THE CASE OF A MANUFACTURING FIRM:

  • Facilities Planning (FP) involves the determination of how the manufacturing facility best supports production.
• IN THE CASE OF AN AIRPORT:

  Facilities Planning (FP) involves determining how the airport facility is to support the passenger-airplane interface
• •IN THE CASE OF A HOSPITAL:

  Facilities Planning (FP) for a hospital determines how the hospital facility supports providing medical care to patients
• FACILITIES LOCATION (MACRO ASPECT OF FP)

  Location of the facility refers to its placement with respect to customers, suppliers, and other facilities with which it interfaces.
• FACILITIES DESIGN (MICRO ASPECT OF FP)

  Facilities Systems

  Consists of the structural systems, the atmospheric systems, the lighting/electricity/communication systems, the life safety systems and the sanitation systems.

  Examples:

  the structure (of building), power, light, gas, heat, ventilation, air-conditioning, water and sewage needs
• Layout

  Consists of all equipment, machinery and furnishings within the building.

  Examples:

  the production areas, related support areas, personnel areas.
• Handling Systems

  Consists of the mechanism need to satisfy the required facility interactions.

  Examples:

  the materials- personnel, information, and equipment to support manufacturing.
• FACILITIES PLANNING FOR SPECIFIC TYPES OF FACILITIES a)Manufacturing plant

  1. FACILITIES PLANNING FOR SPECIFIC TYPES OF FACILITIYManufacturing plant

  b) Office

  c) Hospital

  d) Emergency room
• OBJECTIVES OF FACILITIES PLANNING

  Objectives of FP is to plan a facility that achieves both facilities location and design objectives.
• OBJECTIVES OF INDUSTRIAL FACILITY LOCATION

  Objective of Industrial Facility Location is to determine the location which, in consideration of all factors affecting deliver-to-customers cost of the products to be manufactured, will be minimized
• SOME TYPICAL FACILITIES DESIGN OBJECTIVES ARE TO

  1. Support the organization's vision through improved material handling. material control, and good housekeeping.

  2. Effectively utilize people, equipment, space and energy.

  3. Minimize capital investment.

  4. Be adaptable and promote ease of maintenance.

  5. Provide for employee safety and job satisfaction.
• FACILITIES PLANNING PROCESS

  • Although facility is planned only once, it is frequently replanned to synchronize the facility and its constantly changing objectives. Planning and Replanning are linked by the continuous improvement FP cycle
• 6 STEPS IN ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS (EDP)

  Define the problem,

  Analyze the problem,

  Generate alternative designs,

  Evaluate the alternatives,

  Select the preferred design,

  Implement the design.
• Facility planning process


  1. Define (or redefine) the objective of the facility

  2. Specify the primary and support activities to be performed in accomplishing the objective

  3. Satisfy requirements in terms of operations, equipment, personnel, material flows

  4. Determine the interrelationships among all activities

  5. Determine the space requirements for all activities

  6. Generate alternative facilities plans

  7. Evaluate alternative facilities plans (alternative locations and alternative designs)

  8. Select a facilities plan

  9. Implement the facilities plan

  10. Maintain and adapt the facilities plan

  11. Redefine the objective of the facility
• AN ORGANIZATION'S MODEL OF SUCCESS

  Experience has shown that in order for the facilities plan to be successful, not only a clear understanding of the vision is needed, but also the mission, the requirement of success, the guiding principles, and the evidence of success
• FIVE ELEMENTS THAT FORM AN ORGANIZATION'S MODEL OF SUCCESS

  Vision: a description of where you are headed.

  Mission: how to accomplish the vision.

  Requirements of success: the science of your business.

  Guiding principles: the values to be used, while pursuing the vision.

  1 Evidence of success: measurable results that will demonstrate when an organization is moving towards their vision.