philo test

• Categorical imperatives


  Rules and regulations are sometimes not followed
• Hypothetical imperatives


  Rules are followed because it is your duty
• Kant's Formula


  • Universalizability Principle
  • Formula of Humanity
• Universalizability Principle


  Mabuti kapag tanggap ng iba
• Formula of humanity


  Tratuhuhin ang tao bilang tao hindi bilang bagay
• Virtue ethics (Aristotle)


  • Walang good or bad. Sumosobra lang o kumukulang sa kabutihan
• Golden mean


  • Deficiency(-)
  • Balance
  • Excess(+)
• Eudaimonia


  Life lived well
• Being good is hard
• Person as inspiration

  • Moral exemplars
• Interpersonal relationship

  Tao sa tao
• Intersubjectivity relationship

  Tao sa tao pero hindi tao ang tingin mo sa kanya
• Theoretical level


  Seeing someone as a person or object
• Practical level


  Gaano kahalaga
• 1. It


  Treating someone as an object
• 1. Thou (You)


  Treating someone as a person
• Moral Duty (Immanuel Kant)


  Fulfilling your duty while fulfilling your happiness
• Society


  Institution between man to man
• Kinds of society


  • Hunting and gathering societies
  • Pastoral societies
  • Horticultural societies
  • Agricultural societies
  • Industrial societies
  • Post-Industrial societies
• Hunting and Gathering societies


  • Depends on what nature provides
• Pastoral Society


  • Domesticating animals
• Horticultural societies


  • Cultivation of plants
• Agricultural societies


  • Combination of the first three
• Industrial societies


  • Use machines
• Post-Industrial societies


  • Use electronic manipulation and transmission of information
• Justice


  Giving what is nararapat sa tao. At yung sapat para sayo
• Three kinds of Justice


  • Distributive
  • Retributive
  • Compensatory Justice
• Distributive Justice


  May equal sa nakuha mo sa pinaghirapan mo. (equal distribution)
• Retributive Justice

  Retaliatory, parusa = kasalanan
• Compensatory Justice

  Compensating equally, dahil nagnakaw ka equal mo yon babalik
• Different theories of Distributive justice


  • Egalitarianism
  • Capitalist Justice
  • Socialist Justice
  • Justice based on fair opportunity
  • Justice as fairness
  • Libertarianism
• Egalitarianism


  Kung anong meron ka, meron lahat
• Political Egalitarianism


  Karapatan ko, karapatan mo
• Economic Egalitarianism


  Anong meron ka, meron ako
• Capitalist Justice


  Effort mo ang makukuha mo
• Socialist justice


  Sharing distribution according to needs
• Justice based on fair opportunity


  Receiving share based on efforts
• Justice as fairness


  Decided by people
• Libertarianism (John Rawls)


  Mas nagtrabaho ako mas may karapatan ako