LESSON 2

• Filipino artists today, especially the younger ones, are a different breed from their predecessors. They no longer cling to Western ideals but develop their own system of beliefs, forms, and styles by adopting the rich heritage of Philippine folklore, customs, and traditions.
• They are also conscious of the role they play in society because they know that their tools are powerful. They know that through their pen, brush, music, drama or dance, they are able to generate a critical response, thus, becoming agents of change.
• Artist

  One who creates art, such as paintings, sculptures, or performances
• Filipino artists play a role in presenting and educating the public about our history, culture, society, and identity
• Roles of the Filipino artist

  • Personal
  • Social
  • Physical
  • Immaterial
• The artist reflects the time and culture of his period but seen in a different light, and can influence the viewer intentionally or unintentionally
• The Filipino artist has become a social critic, exposing inequalities, effects of urbanization, globalization, and neocolonialism, and an advocate for what he or she believes in
• The Filipino artist is versatile, creating to realize personal fulfillment and express a point of view, and is a storyteller, narrating everyday life and extraordinary events, presenting cultures in different lights, and recording and preserving history
• Order of National Artists

  The highest award conferred by the President of the Philippines to the nation's artists
• Categories for the Order of National Artists

  • Music
  • Dance
  • Theater
  • Visual arts
  • Literature
  • Film and broadcast arts
  • Architecture or allied arts
• The Order of National Artist is administered by the Order of the National Artists Secretariat - NCCA and CCP, and conferred by the President of the Philippines every three years
• Criteria for the Order of National Artist

  • Living Filipino citizens at the time of nomination and awarding, or Filipino citizens at the time of their death after 1972
  • Artists who have contributed to building a Filipino sense of nationhood through their works
  • Artists who have pioneered a mode of creative expression or style, earning distinction and making an impact
  • Artists who have created a substantial and significant body of excellent works
  • Artists with prestigious national and/or international recognition, critical acclaim, and respect from peers
• List of National Artists of the Philippines

  • Fernando Amorsolo
  • Francisca R. Aquino
  • Carlos V. Francisco
  • Amado V. Hernandez
  • Antonio J. Molina
  • Juan F. Nakpil
  • Guillermo E. Tolentino
  • Jose Garcia Villa
  • Napoleon V. Abueva
  • Lamberto V. Avellana
  • Leonor O. Goquingco
  • Nick Joaquin
  • Jovita Fuentes
  • Victorio C. Edades
  • Pablo S. Antonio
  • Vicente S. Manansala
  • Carlos P. Romulo
  • Gerardo de Leon
  • Honorata "Atang" dela Rama
  • Antonino R. Buenaventura
  • Lucrecia R. Urtula
  • Lucrecia R. Kasilag
  • Francisco Arcellana
  • Cesar F. Legaspi
  • Leandro V. Locsin
  • Hernando R. Ocampo
  • Lucio D. San Pedro
  • Lino Brocka
  • Felipe P. de Leon
  • Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero
  • Rolando S. Tinio
  • Levi Celerio
  • N.V.M. Gonzales
  • Arturo R. Luz
  • Jose M. Maceda
  • Carlos Quirino
  • J. Elizalde Navarro
  • Prof. Andrea Veneracion
  • Edith L. Tiempo
  • Daisy H. Avellana
  • Ernani J. Cuenco
  • F. Sionil Jose
  • Ang Kiukok
  • Ishmael Bernal
  • Severino Montano
  • Jose T. Joya
  • Virgilio S. Almario
  • Alejandro R. Roces
  • Eddie S. Romero
  • Salvador F. Bernal
  • Benedicto R. Cabrera
  • Abdulmari Asia Imao
  • Dr. Bienvenido Lumbera
  • Ramon Obusan
  • Fernando Poe Jr.
  • Archt. Ildefonso P. Santos, Jr.
  • Ramon O. Valera
  • Manuel Conde
  • Lázaro Francísco
  • Federico Aguilar Alcuaz
  • Alice Reyes
  • Francisco V. Coching
  • Cirilo F. Bautista
  • Francisco F. Feliciano
  • Ramon P. Santos
  • Jose Maria V. Zaragoza
• Fernando Amorsolo

  First National Artist for Painting, known for his backlighting technique and exuberant depictions of Philippine life
• Levi Celerio

  National Artist for Literature and Music, a prolific lyricist and composer who translated and wrote lyrics for traditional melodies
• Fernando Poe, Jr.

  National Artist for Cinema, a cultural icon and cinema artist known for his portrayals of the underdog and mythical hero
• Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA)

  Award that honors artists engaged in folk or traditional arts
• Notable films of Fernando Poe Jr.

  • Mga Alabok sa Lupa (1967)
  • Batang Matador and Batang Estibador (1969)
  • Ako ang Katarungan (1974)
  • Tatak ng Alipin (1975)
  • Totoy Bato (1977)
  • Asedillo (1981)
  • Partida (1985)
  • Ang Probinsyano (1996)
• Notable films of Fernando Poe Jr. featuring mythical heroes

  • Ang Alamat (1972)
  • Ang Pagbabalik ng Lawin (1975)
  • Panday series (1980, 1981, 1982, 1984)
  • Ang Kampana sa Santa Quiteria (1971)
  • Santo Domingo (1972)
  • Alupihang Dagat (1975)
• Fernando Poe Jr. was born in Manila on August 20, 1939
• After the death of his father, he dropped out of the University of the East in his sophomore year to support his family
• He was the second of six siblings
• He married actress Susan Roces in a civil ceremony in December 1968
• He died on December 14, 2004
• Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA)

  National Living Treasures Award
• Categories for GAMABA

  • Folk architecture
  • Maritime transport
  • Weaving
  • Carving
  • Performing arts
  • Literature
  • Graphic and plastic arts
  • Ornament
  • Textile or fiber art
  • Pottery
  • Other artistic expressions of traditional culture
• GAMABA was institutionalized by 1992 Republic Act No. 7355, with the NCCA in charge of its implementation
• Process of awarding a Manlilikha ng Bayan

  1. NCCA's ad hoc panel of experts and reviewers screen and review the nominations

  2. They submit the list to the President of the Philippines for proclamation
• GAMABA was first awarded in 1993 to three outstanding artists in music and poetry
• GAMABA has its roots in the 1988 National Folk Artists Award organized by the Rotary Club of Makati-Ayala
• GAMABA awardees reflect the diverse heritage and cultural traditions that transcend their beginnings to become part of our national character
• Manlilikha ng Bayan

  A citizen engaged in any traditional art uniquely Filipino whose distinctive skills have reached such a high level of technical and artistic excellence and have been passed on to and widely practiced by the present generation in his/her community with the same degree of technical and artistic competence
• Qualifications to become a Manlilikha ng Bayan

  • Inhabitant of an indigenous/traditional cultural community that has preserved indigenous customs, beliefs, rituals and traditions and/or has syncretized whatever external elements that have influenced it
  • Engaged in a folk art tradition that has been in existence and documented for at least fifty (50) years
  • Consistently performed or produced over a significant period, works of superior and distinctive quality
  • Possess a mastery of tools and materials needed by the art, and must have an established reputation in the art as master and maker of works of extraordinary technical quality
  • Passed on and/or will pass on to other members of the community their skills in the folk art for which the community is traditionally known
• A traditional artist who possesses all the qualities of a Manlilikha ng Bayan candidate, but due to age or infirmity has left him/her incapable of teaching further his/her craft, may still be recognized
• Criteria for recognizing a traditional artist who can no longer teach their craft

  • Created a significant body of works and/or has consistently displayed excellence in the practice of his/her art, thus achieving important contributions for its development
  • Been instrumental in the revitalization of his/her community's artistic tradition
  • Passed on to the other members of the community skills in the folk art for which the community is traditionally known
  • His/her community has recognized him/her as master and teacher of his/her craft
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