ICT

• 1. keyboard-keyboards are used to enter fixed values, such as numbers, letters, and symbols.
• Examples of keyboards- qwerty keyboard, concept keyboard, numeric keyboard
• Advantages of a keyboard-fast entry of new text into a document, well known method of entry, easy to use for most people


  Disadvantages of a keyboard-can be difficult to use if the user has limited arm/wrist use, slow method when compared to direct data entry
• Mouse- A mouse is the most common pointing device, you select optios using icons and menus


  TYPES OF MOUSE- optical mouse, cardless/wireless mouse
• Advantages of a mouse- faster method for choosing an optiom rather than using a keyboard, very quick way of navigating through applications and the internet

  Disadvantages of a mouse- can be more difficult for people with restricted hand/wrist movement than using a keyboard
• 3. remote control- a remote control is used to control theoperation of other device remotely by using infra-red signals
• 4 touch screen- it is a display screen that is both an input and output devices


  There are two main types of touch screens- resistive , capacitive
• 5 scanners- it shines light at a drawing and can interpret the reflected light so that the image can be stored on the computer

  Hard copy material can be changed into a form that can be edited

  Scanners are often used for three different types of input

  a)images from had copy material

  b)OCR from hard copytext

  c)OMR from especially prepared hard copy forms
• 6 Digital cameras

  -It takes pictures using a series of sensors that are arranged in a grid

  -The more pixels that are used,the better quality of pictures

  -can be connected to a computer using USB cable or WIFI
• 7 WEBCAMES

  -Webcam are special category of video camera that have no storage capacity but are connected directly to a computer

  -used to enable video conferencing to take place.

  -allow people to keep in contact with each other without the need to travel, particularly usefulfor disable or elderly people

  ADVANTAGES OF WEBCAMES

  -Allows Face-to-face communication online, making it easy to illustarte things visually to the person you are talking to

  -easy to set up with their plug-and - play design
• Advantages of digital cameras


  • Easier to produce better-quality photographs than with a traditional camera
  • Easier and faster to upload photographs to a computer rather than having to scan in hard copies when using traditional methods
  • Memory cards can store many thousands of photographs
• Disadvantages of digital cameras


  • Need to be computer literate to use the cameras properly
  • Transferring, storing and manipulating of the images via a computer requires some understanding of how computers
  • There is more artistry lost because clever software now corrects errors in the photographs (e.g. incorrect exposure, removal of red eye, etc.)
• 8 MICROPHONES -it is used to allow a computer to convert sounds into data that it can handle -Can be used to add speech in presentation -Can be used to give instructions to the computer by using voice recognition
• ADVANTAGES OF MICROPHONES - Easy to use - Cheap - Small - Portable - High quality - faster to read in text to type it in using a keyboard -it is possible to manipulate sound in real time using special software rather than work on a recording done at some earlier stage
• DISADVANTAGE OF MICROPHONES: They are expensive and difficult to use. -Sound files can use up alot of computer memory -Voice-recognition software is not as accurate as typing in manually
• sensors- can be used to measure physical quantities such as temperature light and pressure. The measurements can then be stored for later use data logging or used to control devices such as heaters or fans computer control. there are allot of different types of sensor but most have something in common; measure some physical quantity, have any value( within limits), collect data automatically
• advantages of a sensor-reading taken using sensors are more accurate, sensors can monitor information constantly, sensors can respond immediately,no need for humans to operate the sensors
• disadvantages of sensors-faulty sensors can give wrong results, most sensor use analogue technology therefore the need of using Adc
• analogue to digital converter (ADC)-is an electronic circuit which takes an input signal from a sensor and converts it into a digital form so that it can be processed by a computer.
• magnetic strip cards- the strip can contain up to 60 characters(numbers or digits) of information which is stored magnetically. the magnetic strip contains useful information such as; account number, sort code, expiry date, personal details.


  Uses of a magnetic stripe card-security details to allow entry to buildings or hotel rooms. On credit debt cards for use at ATMs or EFTPOS terminals
• advantages of magnetic strip cards- data entry is fast compared with keying in using a keyboard or keypad, system is error free, no typing involved, information is secure, can prevent access to restricted/secure areas


  diadvantages of magnetic strip cards-if the magnetic strip is damaged the data is lost, card needs to be in close contact with the reader