Biology

• multicellular organisms


  Plants

  Animals

  Fungi
• Eukaryotic organisms


  protists, fungi, plants, animals
• Prokaryotic organisms


  bacteria
• single celled organisms


  Protoctists and bacteria
• What are plant cell walls made of?

  cellulose
• What do plants store carbohydrates as


  Starch or sucrose
• What do animals store carbohydrates as

  glycogen
• How is a fungi organised?


  Body called mycelium which is made up of hyphae
• Can fungi photosynthesise?


  No, because they lack chlorophyll
• What are fungi cell walls made of?

  chitin
• How do fungi feed?


  Saprotrophic nutrition

  Secrete extracellular enzymes onto food to dissolve it and absorb the nutrients
• How do fungi store carbohydrates?

  glycogen
• example of fungi


  Yeast

  Mucor
• Do protoctists have a nucleus?

  Yes, they are eukaryotes
• Do protoctists have a cell wall?

  some do (similar to plant cells)

  some don't (similar to animal cells)
• Examples of protoctists


  Chlorella (plant like)

  Amoeba (animal like)
• Do bacteria have a nucleus?

  No, they have a circular chromosome of DNA
• What is plasmid DNA?


  Small loops of extra DNA in bacteria
• Can bacteria photosynthesise?


  some can
• How do bacteria feed


  Off other organisms both living and dead
• examples of bacteria


  lactobacillus bulgaricus, pneumococcus which causes pneumonia
• What are viruses


  Particles rather then cells

  Smaller than bacteria
• What can viruses do?


  Reproduce (can't respire etc)
• What do viruses infect

  all living things
• What do viruses have

  Cellular structure

  Protein coat
• Examples of viruses


  Influenza

  HIV which causes AIDS

  Tobacco mosaic virus which makes leaves of tobacco plants discoloured by stopping them produce chloroplast
• Example of pathogens


  bacteria, fungi, viruses, protoctists e
• Example of protoctist pathogen

  Plasmodium (causes malaria)
• Example of a bacterium pathogen


  Pneumococcus which causes pneumonia
• Example of a virus pathogen


  Influenza virus (causes flu) and HIV (causes AIDS)