Sci

• Classification of Organisms


  Classifying Organisms
• Classification


  The grouping of living organisms according to similar characteristics
• Taxonomy


  The science of classifying organisms
• Early Classification Systems


  • Aristotle grouped animals according to the way they moved
  • Carl Linnaeus proposed a universal system for classifying and naming animals and plants based on similarities in obvious physical traits
• Kinds of Biodiversity

  2
• High Biodiversity


  Areas with higher number of organisms found are considered to have high biodiversity
• Low Biodiversity


  Areas with lesser number of organisms found is considered to have low biodiversity
• Levels of Biological Classifications
• Biologists want to better understand organisms so they organize them
• Classification


  The grouping of objects or information based on similarities
• Taxonomy


  The branch of biology that groups and names organisms based on studies of their different characteristics
• Taxonomists


  Biologists who study taxonomy
• The 6 Kingdoms


  • Animalia
  • Fungi
  • Eubacteria
  • Plantae
  • Protista
  • Archaebacteria
• Organisms are placed in Kingdoms

  • Based on their type of cells, their ability to make food and the number of cells in their bodies
• System of Naming

  Binomial Nomenclature, "2 names/word names"
• Binomial Nomenclature

  Invented by Cardous Linnaeus
• Types of Cells

  • Prokaryotes
  • Eukaryotes
• Prokaryotes


  • Organisms whose cells lack a nucleus
• Nucleus


  Dense area in a cell that contains nucleic acids, the chemical instructions that direct the cell's activities
• In prokaryotes, nucleic acids are scattered throughout the cell
• Prokaryotes


  • Bacteria
• Ecological Importance of Prokaryotes


  • Decomposition
  • Nitrogen fixation
  • Parasitic relationships
  • Commercial uses
  • Mutualistic relationships
• Eukaryotes


  • Organisms with cells that contain nuclei
• Monera


  • Common name-bacteria
  • Unicellular prokaryotes
  • Have cell wall
  • Basic shapes are colli, bacilli, spirilla
• Eubacteria


  • Can be found in yogurt
  • Autotrophic or heterotrophic
  • Most are helpful