A combination of music, bothvocal and instrumental, acting, visuals, theatrics, tied together by a storyline; a combination of all the arts in one extravagant performance
Components of an Opera
Libretto
Score
Recitative
Aria
Libretto
The text of an opera, containing the story or plot
Score
The book that the composer and librettist put together, containing all the musical notes, words and ideas to help the performers tell the story
Recitative
Declamatory singing, used in the prose parts and dialogue of opera. Can be accompanied (accompagnato) or unaccompanied (secco)
Aria
An air or solo singing part sung by a principal character, which the public will remember best
Types of voices of singers (Male)
Tenor
Baritone
Bass
Types of voices of singers (Female)
Soprano
Coloratura
Lyric
Dramatic
Mezzo-Soprano
Contralto
Giuseppe Verdi
An Italian opera composer, known for works like "Rigoletto"
Giacomo Puccini
An Italian opera composer who stressed realism, drawing material from everyday life
Richard Wagner
A German composer who introduced new ideas in harmony and form, advocating a new form of opera called "music drama"
Georges Bizet
A French composer whose realistic approach influenced the verismo school of opera, known for his opera "Carmen"
Forms of musical setting for poems with multiple stanzas
Strophic
Through-composed
Strophic
Repeating the same music for each stanza of the poem
Through-composed
New and different music for each stanza, allowing the music to reflect the poem's changing moods
Basic theatrical forms
Tragedy
Comedy
Melodrama
Drama
Tragedy
Deals with tragic events, unhappy endings, defeat of the main character
Thespis
The earliest recorded actor in a tragedy play, introduced the use of masks. "Thespian" is a common English term for a performer
Comedy
A form of theater that mirrors the society in a humorous way, reflecting wickedness and immorality
Satyr
A combination of tragedy and comedy in Greek theater
Farces
Comedy with highly exaggerated and extravagant situations
Aristotelian Elements of a Play
Plot
Character
Thought
Language/Diction
Melody
Spectacle
Plot
The action, the basic storyline of the play
Character
The characters who move the action, or plot, of the play forward
Thought
The story background being delivered in a spoken reasoning
Language/Diction
The dialogue that helps move the action of the play along
Melody
Can also mean "music - dance"
Spectacle
The visual elements of a play: sets, costumes, special effects, etc.
Elements of Drama in the Modern Theater
Gestures
Casting
Gestures
Any movement of the actor's head, shoulder, arm, hand, leg or foot to convey meaning
Casting
A pre-production process of selecting a certain actor, dancer, singer
Severino Reyes
A Filipino author who wrote "Ang Kwento ni Lola Baysang", based on a neighbor named Gervacia de Guzman
Francisco Balagtas
A Filipino poet who wrote "Florante at Laura", one of his best works, which relates his situation while he was in prison
Salvador F. Bernal
The "Father of Theater Design in the Philippines"
Pierre Corneille's play "Le Cid"
Rodrigue is torn between his love for Chimène and his duty to avenge the insult to his father, leading to a conflict between love and honor
Recreational Activities
Gardening
Playing sports
Dancing
Sewing
Camping
Leisure Activities
Reading
Meditating
Drawing
Engaging in popular activities
Badminton
Can be played by single (male/female) or double (male/female/mix)
Bowling
One of the oldest games in the world, traced back 7000 years to Egypt. Paying close attention to the oil pattern on the lane and adjusting the bowler's approach and delivery accordingly will increase the strike percentage. The grip and fit of the bowling ball have the greatest impact on a bowler's accuracy and consistency