respiration p2

• Muscles of quiet inspiration

  diaphragm, external intercostals
• Respiratory physiology parameters

  • Tidal volume (TV)
  • Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
  • Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
  • Residual volume (RV)
  • Vital capacity (VC)
  • Total Lung Capacity

  
• Tidal volume (TV)

  Volume of air inspired or expired with each breath (around 500mL at rest)
• Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)

  Amount of air that can be forcefully inspired after inspiration of tidal volume (around 3100mL at rest)
• Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)

  Amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of tidal volume (around 1200mL at rest)
• Residual volume (RV)

  Amount of air remaining in lungs after forceful expiration (around 1200mL)

  
• Vital capacity (VC)

  IRV + TV + ERV
• Total Lung Capacity

  VC + RV

  
• Gaseous exchange

  • Occurs by simple diffusion
  • Involuntary and voluntary
  • Chemoreceptors located in carotid and aortic bodies detect changes in concentration of CO2, pH (H+) and O2