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Biology
Enzymes
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Yeok Hian
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Cards (22)
Enzymes are
Proteins that function as
biological
catalysts
that
speed
up the
rate
of
chemical
reactions
and
remain
unchanged
Anabolic
reactions are
building
up of
complex
substances
Catabolic
Reactions
are
breaking
down
of
complex
substances
Enzyme-Substrate
complex
is formed
when
active site
is
complementary
Enzyme + Substrate forms
Enzyme-Substrate
complex
Enzyme-Substrate complex forms
Enzyme
+
Products
Why do we need enzymes for digestion
To have
smaller
simpler
substances to
diffuse
through the
cell membrane
Starch to
Maltose
Amylase
Maltose to
Glucose
Maltase
Proteins to
Amino
Acids
Protease
Fatty acids and
Glycerol
Lipase
Enzymes
speed
up
chemical reactions
by
lowering
the
activation
energy
Enzymes are
chemically
unchanged
at the
end
of the reaction
Enzymes are highly
specific
due to its
unique
3D
shape
What is the Lock
Enzyme
What is the key
Substrate
Only the substrate with the 3D Shape complimentary to that of the active site can fit into the enzyme to form an Enzyme-Substrate Complex
3
factors that affect enzyme activity
Temperature
pH level
substrate concentration
How to increase enzyme activity
Increase the
temperature
until it reaches
optimum
temperature
Increase enzyme
concentration
Increase formations of
Enzyme-Substrate
complex thus increasing rate of
reaction
Enzymes may not work when
Inactive
Denatured
(extreme
temperatures
/
pH
levels)
Temperature
Kinetic Energy
Effective Collisions
Enzyme-Substrate Complex
Products formed
pH Level
Effective
Collision
Enzyme-Substrate
Complex
Products
formed