TCW LESSON 9

• Japan: Top 1 highest life expectancy in the world
• Global South is a concept rather than a place. The term "global south and similar categories are relevant and were used in the study of globalization. Moreover, the economists, scholars and economic activists made use of the term "global south to give emphasis and as reference on the global differences in status of countries. Lisandro Claudio (2011).
• G8, G7 AND G20: Its members were Britain, United States, France, Canada, Japan, Italy, and Germany.
• Global South: Africa, Latin America and Developing Asia including the Middle East
• Literacy - is the number of adult males and females reported or estimated to have the basic abilities and capability to read and write.
• Global South - Politically Unstable
• Global North: Home to all G8 (Group of 8 Industrialized Africa, Latin America and Developing Asia including the Middle East Nations) Members (USA, Japan, Russia, Italy, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Canada) Western Europe, Developed Parts of Asia, Australia and New Zealand)
• G7 - formally known as the Group of Seven Industrialized Nations.
• High Economic Vulnerability: All eight indicators are converted into indices using established methodologies with an equal. The thresholds for inclusion: 36 or above and for graduation: 32 or below.
• High income countries are members of OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development).
• The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD): known as the World Bank (Todaro and Smith, 2012) has a very popular way of classifying countries known as the World Bank’s Classification System.
• Health - is measured based on the life expectancy at birth, the rate of

  undernourishment, the under-5 mortality rate, and the crude birth rate.
• Second World are Communist Countries.
• First World - (the capitalist, industrialized and democratic countries in the West)
• G7 - a group of seven nations that joined together in 1975 to resist the

  1973 oil embargo by the Arabs as a protest against the intervention of the United States and the United Kingdom during the Yom Kippur War.
• written by the Independent Commission headed by Willy Brandt to review international development issues in the 1980’s. The result formed the so called brandt line.
• Global North - Highly Industrialized
• Human Development Index (HDI) - The most widely status used measure in the of the socio-economic development is presented by the UNDP which was initiated in 1990.
• The latest installment of the G8 is called the G20 a greater coalition formed in 1999, which includes the nations of Brazil,China, Saudi Arabia, Republic of Korea, France, Australia, China,Canada, Germany, Indonesia, Argentina, Turkey, India, Russia, South Africa, Mexico, Japan, United Kingdom, United States, and the European
• The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) known as the World Bank (Todaro and Smith, 2012) has a very popular way of classifying countries known as the World Bank’s Classification System.
• The Global South is everywhere, but it is also somewhere, and that somewhere, located at the intersection of entangled political geographies of dispossession and repossession. Matthew Sparke (2007).
• "Global South" refers in general to the regions of Latin America, Africa, Oceania and Asia. It is considered similar to the terms "Third World" and "Periphery," that indicate regions outside Europe and North America. It refers to mostly (though not all) low-income and often politically or culturally marginalized countries. Nour Dados and Rewyn Connell (2012).
• Third World: This term was used during the cold war –era referring to non- alignment or their rejection of colonialism from both the USSR and USA. It comprises of the alliance of those countries in Africa and in Asia that became newly independent after World War 2. Later on joined by countries from Latin America.
• Globally North - Technonologically Advanced
• Global South: The South holds 3/4 of the world population, and has access to 1/5 of the world income.
• Global South: Lacks the right technology
• The Global South is not a directional designation or a point due south from a fixed north. It is a symbolic designation meant to capture the appearance of the bond that emerged when former colonial institutions. that engaged in political projects of decolonization gage and moved toward the realization of a realization postcolonial international order. SibaGrovoqui (2011).
• Global North: It holds 1/4 of the world population, and controls 4/5 of the income earned anywhere in the world
• G8 and G20 - are coalitions of nations that address significant international issues.
• Luxemborg - the Highest Income Per Capita
• United Countries - Another widely used classification of nations is

  that of the least developed countries.
• 116th; The Philippines placed out of the 189 countries and territories in the 2019 Human Development Report, with a human development index (HDI) value of 0.712. This placed the country at the tail end of countries with high human development group.
• Human Development Index (HDI) - It's aimed to rank all countries and determine the lowest human development and the highest level of indicators education development based on the basic namely: real income, health and (Todaro and Smith, 2012).
• Top 1 Lowest HDI: South Sudan (.385)
• Top 1 Highest HDI: Switzerland
• Low Human Assets - All six indicators are converted into indices using established methodologies with an equal weight. The thresholds for

  inclusion and graduation are 60 or below and 66 or above, respectively.
• Low Income: An income criterion, based on a three-year average estimate of the gross national income (GNI) per capita. The threshold for inclusion is $1,018 or below; the threshold for graduation is $1,222

  or above.
• Global North - Composed of wealthy, industrialized and developed nations. Democratic and capitalist countries