Food and Digestion

• The mouth is an Amylaze Enzyme

  
• The small intestine is the Lipase Enzyme

  
• The stomach is a Protease Enzyme

  
• Mechanical digestion

  • Mouth chewing
  • Stomach chewing
• Chemical digestion

  • Through enzymes
• Food test for Carbohydrates:

  • Glucose = Benedicts Solution test - Positive result: Red
• Food test for Carbohydrates

  • Starch = Iodine Solution test - Positive result: Black/Dark blue
• Fats and Oils/Lipids (Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen)

  • Used for energy, to keep the body warm
  • Food sources: Butter, oil, margarin
  • Small unit: Glycerol(1) + Fatty acids (3)

  
• Carbohydrates (Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen)

  • Used to release energy
  • Food sources: Bread, pasta, potato, rice
  • Small units: Glucose and Starch

  
• Food test for fats and oils:

  • Fats = Ethanol test - Positive result: Cloudy/milky
• Food test for proteins:

  • Biuret Test - Positive Result: Purple colour
• Protein (Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur)

  • Used to help body grow
  • Food sources: Eggs, milk, cheese, meat, fish
  • Small units: Amino acids

  
• Vitamin C

  • Needed for growth and repair of tissues in all parts of body
  • Effect on: Tiredness, weakness, irritability
  • Food sources: Citrus fruits, tomatoes and potatoes
• Vitamin D

  • Needed to build and maintain healthy bones
  • Effect on: Increased risk of bone pain, bone fractures, muscle pain and weakness
  • Food sources: Oily fish, salmon, sardines, egg yolks, red meat, liver
• Calcium:

  • Needed for bone growth, muscle contraction and nerve function
  • Effect on: Dental problems, depression, skin conditions, disability and fractures
  • Food sources: Milk, yogurt, cheese, greens, spinach, broccoli, soy milk, orange juice
• Iron

  • Needed for oxygen transport, energy production, immune function and temperature regulation
  • Effect on: Pale skin, shortness of breath, fatigue, weakness and cold hand/feet
  • Food sources: Red meat, chicken, turkey, fish, shellfish, liver, beans, chickpeas and soy beans
• Fibre

  • Needed to keep the digestive sistem healthy
  • Effect on: Digestive issues, increased risk of digestive disorders and reduced nutrient absorption
  • Food sources: Oats, brown rice, quinoa, bean, apples, pears, spinach and kale
• Water

  • Needed to keep a normal body temperature
  • Effect on: Thirst, dry mouth, mucous membranes, headache and dizzines
  • Food sources: Watermelon, strawberries, orange, cucumbers, lettuce, tomatoes and greek yogurt
• Mouth

  • Function: By chewing, it breaks food into smaller pieces
  • Produces enzyme amylaze
• Pharynx/Oesophagus

  • By pushing, food passes from the mouth to the stomach
• Stomach

  • Churns up food mechanically and chemically breaks it down by gastric juices
  • Produces: enzyme protease
• Liver

  • Processes absorved food and detoxifies the blood.
  • Produces Bile (an alkaline to neutralise acid from the stomach) which emulsifies fat to increase surface area.
• Gall Bladder

  • Stores excess bile before it's released to the Small Intestine
• Pancreas

  • Produces digestive enzymes which break down proteins, fats and carbonhydrates
  • Produce: Insulane and Digestive Enzymes
• Small Intestine

  • Produces lipease/protease enzyme to continue digestion
• Large intestine

  • Connects Small Intestine to the rectum and processes waste
• Rectum and Anus

  • Recieves stool from Large Intestine, warns the person when stool has to be evacuated it also holds stool until evacuation of it