SQ3: Cestodes, Trematodes, Nematodes

• The juvenile stage of developing nematode worms is referred to as larvae.
• Unhealthy individuals with a heavy worm burden are prone to experiencing severe nematode infections.
• The specimen of choice for the recovery of Enterobius vermicularis is cellophane tape prep.
• A child is the most likely individual to contract pinworm infection.
• The morphologic forms recovered in cases of pinworm infection are eggs and adult females.
• Individuals contract hookworm via skin penetration.
• Rhabditiform larvae is the diagnostic stage of Strongyloides stercoralis is best seen in stool using fecal concentration techniques.
• Characteristics of the cestodes are they are hermaphroditic, and generally require an intermediate host, their anatomic regions include the scolex, neck, and strobila.
• The primary means of developing an intestinal infection with Taenia spp. is via ingestion of raw or poorly cooked meat.
• Praziquantel is the preferred drug for treating intestinal infection by Taenia spp.?
• Echinococcus granulosus is a persistent cough, localized pain, and liver and lung involvement are associated with an infection with this type of cestode.
• Snail is the first intermediate host for all the trematodes.
• Proper human and reservoir host fecal disposal is a recommended prevention and control strategy designed to halt the spread of Clonorchis
• The typical transmission route of Paragonimus to humans consists of consumption of contaminated crayfish or crabs.
• Stool is the specimen of choice for the recovery of Schistosoma japonicum.
• A systemic hypersensitivity reaction caused by the presence of Schistosoma is called Katayama fever.
• Trematodes that mature in the lung and produce eggs that appear in the sputum are most probably Paragonimus westermani.
• Consumption of the infective larval stage encysted on aquatic plants that have not been cooked results in infection with Fasciola hepatica.
• Fasciolopsis buski is the largest fluke infecting humans measuring as much as 5 cm in length.
• The infective form of Schistosoma mansoni is Cercaria swimming in water 
• In the life cycle of hermaphroditic flukes, the infective stage for the snail is Miracidium.
• Fish: Clonorchis sinensis; Water plants: Fasciolopsis buski and Fasciola hepatica; Crawfish: Paragonimus westermani