Genetic Engineering Techniques

• The direct manipulation of an organism’s genes using biotechnology

  Genetic Engineering
• The process of changing the DNA in living organisms to create something new

  Genetic engineering
• Genetic engineering involves artificial manipulation, modification, and recombination of DNA or other nucleic acid molecules.
• Done to indirectly manipulate genes focusing on the physical traits among organisms

  Artificial Selection
• Example of artificial selection: Breeders choose which organism to mate and produce offspring with desirable traits.
• A process when animals with desired characteristics are mated to produce offspring with those desired traits

  Selective Breeding
• example of selective breeding is Angus cows are bred to increase more meat.
• When two individuals with unlike characteristics are crossed to produce the best in both organisms

  Hybridization
• example of hybridization is the disease resistant potato called the Burbank potato
• A technique of breeding organisms that are genetically similar to maintain desired traits

  Inbreeding
• Example of inbreeding are found in the pure dog breed
• Recombinant DNA is made by mixing DNA from two different sources.
• Restriction enzyme is used to splice, connect (or ligate), and remove or add nucleotides to sequences of the DNA
• The recombinant DNA has to be introduced into the host, maintained and carried forward to the offspring
• Biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies practice these techniques in working with medical and research purpose
• Cloning produce millions of copies of a single desirable piece of DNA with the help of restriction enzymes
• DNA ligase are enzymes which acts as glue to cause the strong bonds to form between two opposing ends of DNA molecules