science

• Cell division process in which one cell, called

  the parent cell, divides to form two new cells,

  referred to as daughter cells.
• Mitosis occurs in somatic cells (body cells).
• Meiosis is the type of cell division for the production of gametes in sexual reproduction
• In both types the nucleus divides & may end in cytokinesis.
• double-stranded nucleic acid that is tightly coiled

  around proteins called histones, to form chromosomes Dna
• a molecule that is the basic building block of the

  nucleic acids DNA and RNA Nucleotide
• to produce two identical copies of a DNA molecule. -essential for cell division during growth or repair of

  damaged tissues.

  • ensures that each new cell receives its own copy of

  the DNA. Dna replication
• small cylindrical structure in the cytoplasm in most eukaryotes, but absent in plants & fungi Centriole
• an orderly set of events that culminates in the production of new Cell cycle
• at this stage the cell is still young and undergoes rapid growth Gap 1 phase
• DNA doubles through the process of replication. at the end of this stage, each chromosome is made up of two sister chromatids attached at the centromere Synthesis phase
• division of the nucleus is called karyokinesis
• division of cytoplasm is called cytokinesis
• is a type of cell division in which the nucleus of thecell divides into two nuclei with identical genetic material. Mitosis
• If a normal human body cell containing 46 chromosomes,
• begins at ??? with thethickening and coiling ofthe chromosomes. Prophase
• during this stage, chromosomes move and align themselves at

  the center of the cell called metaphase plate. Metaphase
• at this stage, the proteins that bind the two sister chromatids

  of each chromosome divide. Anaphase
• The nuclear membrane forms around the chromosomes

  which start to uncoil. Telophase
• Metaphase checkpoint occurs during metaphase stage of

  cell division, sees to it that the cell is ready to

  complete cell division.
• is a suicide of cell's where the cell destroys itself maintaining the smooth functioning of the body Apoptosis
• death of body tissue. Necrosis
• a protein that blocks the cycle if the DNA is damaged Tumor protein
• occurs when cells undergo mutation, resulting in theirinability to control their normal growth mechanisms and leading to an unregulated cell division. Cancer
• a solid mass of cancer cells that are formed from rapid cell division. Tumor
• something that can cause you to have cancer. Carnicogen
• Homologous chromosome is a set of one maternal and

  one paternal chromosome that pair up with each other

  inside a cell
• Karyogram a diagram or photograph of the chromosomes of a cell,

  arranged in homologous pairs and in a numbered

  sequence
• Meiosis I reduces the number of chromosomes from

  diploid (2n) to haploid (n) number, thus called

  reductional division
• Prophase ll ✓ nuclear membrane breaks

  ✓ new spindle fibers form
• Prophase ll ✓ nuclear membrane breaks

  ✓ new spindle fibers form