Review

• Opera


  An art and music form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text (called a libretto) and a musical score, usually in an elaborate theatrical setting
• Opera


  • Incorporates many of the elements of spoken theater, such as acting, scenery, costumes, and sometimes includes dance
  • The performance is typically given in an opera house, cultural center, theater, or auditorium
  • It is accompanied by an orchestra or smaller musical ensemble
  • The dialogue is entirely sung and not spoken
• Opera is part of the Western classical music form and tradition
• Opera started in Italy and soon spread through the rest of Europe


  End of the 16th century
• Local theaters in the Philippines


  • Zorilla, Principe Alfonso, Variedades, Quiapo and Tondo Theaters
• Other opera venues in the Philippines


  • Manila Grand Opera House
  • Metropolitan Theater (Met)
• First Filipino opera


  Sandugong Panaginip by Pedro Paterno, first presented at the Zorilla Theater on August 2, 1902
• Subsequent Filipino operas


  • Lakangbini by Patricio Mariano, staged at the Metropolitan Theater on December 19, 1933
• The establishment of the Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP) in 1969 paved the way for other Filipino operas to be staged at a legitimate venue of international standard
• Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo


  Operas based on Rizal's two novels, composed by National Artist Felipe Padilla de Leon
• La Loba Negra


  A three-act Filipino opera, with music composed by National Artist Francisco Feliciano and libretto by soprano Fides Cuyugan-Asensio
• La Loba Negra was presented by the Cultural Center of the Philippines in cooperation with the Asian Institute for Liturgy and Music at the CCP Main Theater from August 16 to 25, 1984 and the 2nd season in 1985
• Noli Me Tangere, the opera


  A three-act opera composed by National Artist Felipe Padilla de Leon, with libretto by National Artist Guillermo Tolentino, premiered in 1957 at the FEU Auditorium
• El Filibusterismo, the opera


  An opera composed by National Artist Felipe Padilla De Leon in 1970, with libretto by Anthony Morli, staged at the Cultural Center of the Philippines
• Ballet


  A performance in which a story is told without words by using body movements and facial expressions
• Tatlong Kuwento ni Lola Basyang


  A ballet adaptation of Severino Reyes' folktales Mga Kuwento ni Lola Basyang, presented by Ballet Manila
• Rama Hari


  The Philippine adaptation of the Indian epic Ramayana set to music, dance, and drama, originally presented on February 8 to 17, 1980
• Theater is the one major art form that brings together all the other art forms in a single production
• Prominent theater and performing groups in the Philippines


  • Philippine Educational Theater Association (PETA)
  • Tanghalang Pilipino
  • Repertory Philippines
  • Trumpets
  • New Voice Company
  • Philippine Opera Company
  • Theater Down South
• Producer


  The person who takes the play from a mere concept to an actual finished production; chooses all the team members and assigns them their functions and oversees the casting of the actors and actresses for the different roles
• Director


  The overall artistic coordinator of the entire production, has the vision of the desired total effect and impact of the performance
• Playwright


  The writer of the script; the initial concept or plot may be original and developed into a play script
• Script


  Contains the exact lines of dialogue that each character will memorize and deliver on stage
• Set Designer


  Responsible for the concept and creation of the physical stage setup
• Lighting Director


  Plans all the lighting and adds detailed sunlight and effects and notes on the script for the lighting crew and members to create a mood in each scene in the play
• Costume Designer


  Studies the general setting that the play is meant to take place in as well as each character in the script
• Sound Designer


  Serves a vital role in putting and creating an enhanced atmosphere to the performance by means of sound effects
• Production Manager


  Coordinates all the complex behind the scenes details of staging a play and tasks with overseeing the crews for the sets and props, sound, music, lighting and costumes
• Technical Director


  Shadows the play's director throughout the entire production process by bringing the director's vision to life – ensuring that every instruction is properly executed
• Choreographer


  Plans out the dance steps to suit the music and able to perform skillfully
• Makeup Designer


  Works his or her magic through the wonders of makeup, face and body painting and adds some color to the character of the play
• Sound and Music


  Set different moods and emotions for the audience, provide different effects to the play that heighten the emotions of the characters and the audience, and make the play more realistic and exciting
• Technical Director


  Shadows the play's director throughout the entire production process by bringing the director's vision to life - ensuring that every instruction is properly executed
• Makeup Designer


  Works their magic through the wonders of makeup, face and body painting and adds color to the character of the play
• Sound and Music


  • Set different moods and emotions for the audience
  • Provide different effects to heighten the emotions of the characters and the audience
  • Make the play more realistic and exciting
• Gesture, Movement, and Dance


  • Bodily movements or actions that usually express emotions, character, and narrative actions with accompanying sound or music
  • Every single gesture, movement or dance step conveys a meaning or message
• Costume, Mask, Makeup, and Accessories


  • Enhance visibility and aesthetic value
  • Help make the character appear realistic according to the role they portray
• Spectacle


  Something exhibited for view as something unusual, notable, or entertaining, especially an eye-catching or dramatic public display which may be regarded as impressive and breathtaking on stage if visual, lighting, sound, music, costumes, dance, and special effects are properly manifested
• Settings for the Stage


  • The use of composition in art such as line, mass, color, form, and unity that permits the movements of the actors in space is employed to create an environment that will bring the script to life
• Design of Lighting


  • Affects the entire ambiance of the show