unit 7

• Name 5 enzymes

  amylase, pepsin (protease), trypsin, maltase, lipase
• state what amylase breaks down and produces

  starch to maltose
• state what pepsin breaks down and produces

  protein to amino acids
• state what trypsin breaks down and produces

  protein to amino acids
• state what maltase breaks down and produces

  maltose to glucose
• state what lipase breaks down and produces

  lipids to fatty acids and glycerol
• balanced diet


  A diet which contains all the 7 nutrints in the right amounts

  
• what are the 7 nutrients we need

  carbohydrates

  protein

  fats

  vitamins

  minerals

  fibre

  water
• why do we need proteins

  growth and repair of tissues

  
  

  enzymes

  hormones

  antibodies

  
• nutrition


  the intake of substances need for growth and development

  
• why do we need carbohydrates

  source of energy (in respiration in cells)

  
• why do we need fats and oils

  energy store

  Insulates the body from the cold.

  Protection of organs

  making of cell membranes
• why do we need vitamin C

  prevents scurvy
• why do we need iron

  formationof haemoglobin in red blood cells
• 2 examples of minerals

  iron, calcium
• 2 vitamin exmaples

  c and d
• why do we need calcium

  form and maintain healthy and strong bones

  normal blood clotting
• why do we need vitamin D

  prevents rickets
• Why is fibre important in our diet?

  provides bulk for intestine to push food through

  
  

  helps food to move through the stomach and intestine, an push waste material out of the body
• Why is water important?

  - acts as a solvent for chemical reactions to occur

  - maintain constant body temp.
• describe scurvy

  cause : lack of vitamin c

  - bleeding under skin and gums

  
• describe rickets

  cause : lack of vitamin D

  - weak, soft bones

  - stunted growth in children
• iron deficiency


  anemia

  - tiredness -> not enough energy produced
• malnutrition


  lack of balanced diet
• protein deficiency

  Kwashiorkor and marasmus

  - swollen belly

  
• where can we get vitamin D

  exposure to sunlight, oily fish, eggs
• foods containing carbohydrates

  rice, potatoes, wheat, cereals, starchy foods
• foods contaning proteins


  meat, fish, eggs, legumes
• foods containing fats


  meat, butter, cheese, milk, eggs, oily fish, avocado
• foods containing vitamin C


  citrus fruits

  
  

  strawberroes

  green vegetables
• foods containing calcium


  milk cheese eggs fish
• foods containing iron


  red meat, green vegetables
• foods containing fibre


  whole grain cereals, fruit, vegetables, nuts