PERSDENT TOOTH ANATOMY

• Tooth anatomy


  Morphology of an anatomic crown

  
• Teeth


  • Made up of many rounded elevations, ridges, depressions, and grooves
  • These features aid in function, esthetics, and speech

  
• Cusp


  • A pyramidal elevation, or peak, located on the occlusal surfaces of molars and premolars, and on the incisal edges of canines
  • A cusp is named according to its location on the tooth

  
• Ridge


  Any linear elevation on the surface of a tooth and is named according to its location
• Marginal ridge


  Found on the mesial-distal border of the lingual surface in anterior teeth, and on the mesial and distal border of the occlusal surface in posterior teeth

  
• Oblique ridge


  Crosses the occlusal surface obliquely and is formed by the union of the distal cusp ridge of mesiolingual cusp and the triangular ridge of the distobuccal cusp
• Transverse ridge


  Formed by the union of a lingual triangular ridge of a buccal cusp and buccal triangular ridge on the lingual cusp
• Triangular ridge


  Projects from the cusp tip to the central groove
• Fossa


  An irregular depression or concavity, e.g. lingual fossa, central fossa, triangular fossa
• Cingulum


  A large, rounded eminence on the lingual surfaces of all permanent and primary teeth

  
• Pits


  Small pinpoint depressions located at the junction of the developmental grooves
• Developmental grooves


  Sharply defined, shallow, linear depressions that separate lobes or cusps of teeth and mark the boundaries between adjacent cusps and other major divisional parts of a tooth

  
• Supplemental grooves


  Small, less distinct, irregularly placed grooves
• Mamelons


  Rounded protuberances found on the incisal edges of newly erupted teeth

  
• Embrassure


  Triangularly shaped spaces located between the proximal surfaces of adjacent teeth

  
• G.V. Black's classification of caries


  Class I, II, III, IV, V, VI
• Class I caries


  Cavity on the pits and fissures on the occlusal surfaces of molars and premolars; lingual surfaces of anterior teeth
• Class II caries


  Caries lesions formed on the proximal (mesial and distal) surfaces of the posterior teeth
• Class III caries


  Carious lesions found on the proximal surface of anterior teeth that do not involve the incisal angle

  
• Class IV caries


  Carious lesions found on the proximal surfaces of anterior teeth that involves the incisal angle
• Class V caries


  Carious lesions found at the gingival 3rd of the facial and lingual surfaces of the anterior and posterior teeth
• Class VI caries


  Carious lesions involving the cuspal tips
• The enamel is the hardest substance in the body, covering the crown.
• Pulp contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue that nourish the tooth.
• Dentin makes up most of the tooth structure and provides support to the enamel.