Chemistry UNIT 1.7

• Catalyst- eq is reached quicker, no effect on position of eq
• Equilibrium is the rate of the forward and backwards are equal
• Dynamic equilibrium is when the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate.
• Le Chatelier's principle states that if an external factor changes during dynamic equilibrium, then the system will change to counteract this change.
• Changing concentration- Add more reactants, shifts the right, to oppose the increase in the reactants
• Changing pressure- Increasing pressure equilibrium shifts to the side with fewer moles
• Exothermic reaction- If eq shifts to right, surroundings heat up
• Exothermic- Low temp, reduces rate
• Endothermic- High temp, increases rate
• Large Kc- more products, lie to the right
• Kc smaller than 1- more reactants, lie to the left
• Acids are H+ donors
• Strong acids fully dissociate in aq solutions
• bases are H+ acceptors
• Weak acids only partially dissociate in aq solutions
• A standard solution is a solution which is stable on standing and for which the concentration is accurately known.