music

• Gagaku


  Court music of Japan
• Gagaku


  • Imported from Korea to Japan in the 5th century originally from China
  • ETENRAKU- best know Gagaku piece, "music of divinity"
• Kinds of Gagaku Performances


  • Bogaku
  • Kangen
• Bogaku


  Gagaku music with dance
• Repertoire of Bogaku


  • Togaku - music of the left (China)
  • Komagaku - music of the right ( Korea, Manchuria, Middle Asia)
• Kangen


  Gagaku music that is purely instrumental music
• Instruments in the Gagaku


  • Strings
  • Percussion
  • Winds
• Biwa


  Pear shaped lute
• Sō (Koto)


  Equally choreographed, patterns mark time in support of the melody
• Gagaku Taiko


  Hanging drum with beater
• Shoko


  Small hanging metal plate
• Kakko


  Double headed drum on a frame, used in Togaku pieces
• San-No-Tsuzumi


  Double headed drum, used in Komagaku (no frame)
• Koma Bue


  Flute used in Komagaku
• Ryuteki


  Dragon flute, used in the Togaku
• Hichiriki


  Small flute with a big tone bec of its large reed
• Sho


  Mouth organ, plays tone clusters
• OFFICIAL NAME: Republic of India
• CAPITAL: New Delhi
• FORM OF GOVERNMENT: Federal Republic
• OFFICIAL LANGUAGES: Hindi and English
• CURRENCY: Indian rupee (INR)
• Saffron


  Strength and courage
• White


  Peace and truth
• Green


  Fertility and growth
• Blue wheel with 24 spokes

  Dharma Chakra
• Hinduism is the main religion in India
• Other religions in India


  • Sikhism
  • Buddhism
  • Jainism
  • Christianity
  • Islam
• Sanatana Dharma


  Eternal law in Sanskrit
• Hinduism can be more appropriately described as a philosophy or way of life
• Hindu scriptures


  • The Vedas
  • The Upanishads
  • The Bhagavad Gita
• Ragas


  Frameworks of keynotes, a set of musical notes put together in a singing pattern, each raga has a distinct melodic structure and is associated with a particular time of day, season, or mood
• Talas


  Rhythmic cycles used in Indian classical music, used to create a sense of structure, repetition and form in the music
• Aroh


  Ragas arranged in ascending order of their notes
• Avaroh


  Ragas arranged in a descending fashion
• Types of Indian music


  • Classical music
  • Folk music
  • Filmi
  • Indian pop
• Hindustani Music


  More on instrumental, focus on intricate melodic patterns and improvisation, influences from Vedic hymns, Persian music, and Islamic traditions, Improvisation plays a significant role, Dhrupad, Khayal, Thumri
• Carnatic Music


  More on vocal, Sanskrit term Karnātaka Sangītam, Shruti - refers to the musical pitch that is perceived by human ear and includes the four Vedas, Swara - type of musical sound that is a single note, including sa-ri-ga-ma-pa-da-ni
• Microtones


  Tones that fall between the standard twelve-note chromatic scale, used to create a more subtle and nuanced sound, important in making ragas (melodies) and talas (rhythmic cycles) more expressive
• Tala


  Organized in long rhythmic cycles (avartan), cycles can be grouped in measures (vibhag), a measure can have any number of beats (matra), sam - first beat of the cycle, most important