ANKLE & FOOT OINA

• GASTROCNEMIUS 


  O - Lateral head from lateral condyle of femur and medial head from above medial condyle

  I - Via tendo calcaneus into posterior surface of calcaneum

  N - Tibial nerve

  A - Plantar flexes foot at talocrural joint; flexes tibiofemoral/patellofemoral joint
• SOLEUS


  O - Shafts of tibia and fibula

  I - Via tendo calcaneus into posterior surface of calcaneum

  N - Tibial nerve

  A - Together with gastrocnemius and plantaris is powerful plantar flexor of talocrural joint; provides main propulsive force in walking and running
• TIBIALIS POSTERIOR 


  O - Posterior surface of shafts of tibia and fibula and interosseous membrane

  I - Tuberosity of navicular bone and other neighboring bones

  N - Tibial nerve

  A - Plantar flexes foot at talocrural joint; inverts foot at subtalar and transverse tarsal joints; supports medial longitudinal arch of foot
• FLEXOR DIGITORUM LONGUS 


  O - Posterior surface of shaft of tibia

  I - Bases of distal phalanges of lateral four toes

  N - Tibial nerve

  A - Flexes distal phalanges of lateral four toes; plantar flexes foot at talocrural joint; supports medial and lateral longitudinal arches of foot
• FLEXOR HALLUCIS LONGUS


  O - Posterior surface of shaft of fibula

  I - Base of distal phalanx of big toe

  N - Tibial nerve

  A - Flexes distal phalanx of big toe; plantar flexes foot at talocrural joint; supports medial longitudinal arch of foot
• TIBIALIS ANTERIOR


  O - Lateral surface of shaft of tibia and interosseous membrane

  I - Medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal bone

  N - Deep peroneal nerve

  A - Extends foot at talocrural joint; inverts foot at subtalar and transverse tarsal joint; holds up medial longitudinal arch of foot
• EXTENSOR HALLUCIS LONGUS


  O - Anterior surface of shaft of fibula

  I - Base of distal phalanx of great toe

  N - Deep peroneal nerve

  A - Extends big toe; extends foot at talocrural joint; inverts foot at subtalar and transverse tarsal joints
• EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUS 


  O - Anterior surface of shaft of fibula

  I - Extensor expansion of lateral four toes

  N - Deep peroneal nerve

  A - Extends toes; extends foot at talocrural joint
• PERONEUS LONGUS

  O - Lateral surface of shaft of fibula

  I - Base of 1st metatarsal and the medial cuneiform

  N - Superficial peroneal nerve

  A - Plantar flexes foot at talocrural joint; everts foot at subtalar and transverse tarsal joints; supports lateral longitudinal and transverse arches of foot
• PERONEUS BREVIS

  O - Lateral surface of shaft of fibula

  I - Base of 5th metatarsal bone

  N - Superficial peroneal nerve

  A - Plantar flexes foot at talocrural joint; everts foot at subtalar and transverse tarsal joint; supports lateral longitudinal arch of foot
• PERONEUS TERTIUS


  O - Anterior surface of shaft of fibula

  I - Base of 5th metatarsal bone

  N - Deep peroneal nerve

  A - Extends foot at talocrural joint; everts foot at subtalar and transverse tarsal joints
• EXTENSOR DIGITORUM BREVIS


  O - Calcaneum

  I - By four tendons into the proximal phalanx of big toe and long extensor tendons to second, third, and fourth toes

  N - Deep peroneal nerve

  A - Extends toes
• PLANTARIS 


  O - Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur

  I - Posterior surface of calcaneum

  N - Tibial nerve

  A - Plantar flexes foot at talocrural joint; flexes tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joint
• POPLITEUS 


  O - Lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur

  I - Posterior surface of shaft of tibia above soleal line

  N - Tibial nerve

  A - Flexes leg at tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joint; unlocks tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joint by lateral rotation of femur on tibia and slackens ligaments of joint
• EXTENSOR DIGITORUM BREVIS 


  O - Anterior part of upper surface of the calcaneum and from the inferior extensor retinaculum

  I - By four tendons into the proximal phalanx of big toe and long extensor tendons to second, third, and fourth toes

  N - Deep peroneal nerve

  A - Extends toes
• ABDUCTOR HALLUCIS 


  O - Medial tuberosity of calcaneum and flexor retinaculum

  I - Base of proximal phalanx of big toe

  N - Medial plantar nerve

  A - Flexes and abducts big toe; braces medial longitudinal arch
• FLEXOR DIGITORUM BREVIS 


  O - Medial tubercle of calcaneum

  I - Four tendons to four lateral toes inserted into borders of middle phalanx; tendons perforated by those of flexor digitorum longus

  N - Medial plantar nerve

  A - Flexes lateral four toes; braces medial and lateral longitudinal arches
• ABDUCTOR DIGITI MINIMI


  O - Medial and lateral sides of calcaneum

  I - Base of proximal phalanx of fifth toe

  N - Lateral plantar nerve

  A - Flexes and abducts fifth toe; braces lateral longitudinal arch
• QUADRATUS PLANTAE 


  O - Medial and lateral sides of calcaneum

  I - Tendon of flexor digitorum longus

  N - Lateral plantar nerve

  A - Assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing lateral four toes
• LUMBRICALS 


  O - Tendons of flexor digitorum longus

  I - Dorsal extensor expansion; bases of proximal phalanges of lateral four toes

  N - First lumbrical: medial plantar nerve Remainder: lateral plantar nerve

  A - Extends toes at interphalangeal joints
• FLEXOR HALLUCIS BREVIS 


  O - Cuboid, lateral cuneiform, tibialis posterior insertion

  I - Medial tendon into medial side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe; lateral tendon into lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe

  N - Medial plantar nerve

  A - Flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of big toe; supports medial longitudinal arch
• ADDUCTOR HALLUCIS 


  O - Oblique head bases of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th metatarsal bones; transverse head from plantar ligaments

  I - Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe

  N - Deep branch lateral plantar nerve

  A - Flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of big toe; holds together metatarsal bones
• FLEXOR DIGITI MINIMI BREVIS 


  O - Base of 5th metatarsal bone

  I - Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of little toe

  N - Lateral plantar nerve

  A - Flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of little toe
• DORSAL INTEROSSEI

  O - Adjacent sides of metatarsal bones

  I - Bases of proximal phalanges - First: medial side of second toe; Remainder: lateral sides of second, third, and fourth toes - also dorsal extensor expansion

  N - Lateral plantar nerve

  A - Abduction of toes; flexes metatarsophalangeal joints and extends interphalangeal joints
• PLANTAR INTEROSSEI 


  O - Inferior surfaces of 3rd, 4th, and 5th metatarsal bones

  I - Medial side of base of proximal phalanges of lateral three toes

  N - Lateral plantar nerve

  A - Adduction of toes; flexes metatarsophalangeal joints and extends interphalangeal joints
• TIBIALIS ANTERIOR

  
• 


  EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUS

  
• PERONEUS TERTIUS

  
• EXTENSOR HALLUCIS LONGUS

  
• EXTENSOR DIGITORUM BREVIS

  
• PERONEUS LONGUS

  
• LOWER: PERONEUS LONGUS TENDON

  UPPER: PERONEUS BREVIS TENDON

  
• PERONEUS BREVIS

  
• GASTROCNEMIUS

  
• PLANTARIS

  
• SOLEUS

  
• FLEXOR DIGITORUM LONGUS

  
• FLEXOR HALLUCIS LONGUS

  
• TIBIALIS POSTERIOR

  
• TIBIALIS POSTERIOR TENDON