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• Republic Act 10121


  Law that requires the country's government and its citizens to be prepared for disaster
• The Philippines is 5th most at risk of disasters as of 2016
• Factors that make people more vulnerable to disasters


  • Poverty
  • Slum housing
  • Limited access to medical services and clean water
  • Corruption
  • Weak law enforcement
• NDRRMC


  • Serves as the president's adviser on disaster preparedness programs, disaster operations, and rehabilitation efforts undertaken by the government and the private sector
  • Top coordinator of all disaster management and the highest allocator of resources in the Philippines
• DILG


  Disaster preparedness
• DOST


  Disaster mitigation and prevention
• DSWD


  Disaster response
• NEDA


  Disaster rehabilitation and recovery
• DRRM council


  There shall be one in every region, according to RA 10121
• Hazard


  Any source of potential damage, harm, or adverse health effects on something or someone
• Disaster


  Happens when the probable destructive agent (hazard), hits a vulnerable populated area
• Hydrometeorological hazards


  Processes or phenomena of atmospheric, hydrological, or oceanographic nature that may cause loss of life, injury, or other health impacts, property damage, etc.
• Examples of hydrometeorological hazards


  • Cyclones
  • Monsoons
  • Tornadoes
  • Typhoons
  • Thunderstorm
  • Flood
  • Flash flood
  • Storm surge
  • El nino
  • El nina

  
• Tropical cyclones


  • Strong winds and heavy rain
  • The Philippines experiences an average of 19 cyclones per year because it is located on the western rim of the pacific ocean, where most cyclones pass
  • Has a forecast lead time of 5 days

  
• Top 5 most destructive typhoons to hit the Philippines

  • Typhoon Haiphong (1881)
  • Typhoon Haiyan/Yolanda (2013)
  • Tropical Storm Thelma/Uring (1991)
  • Typhoon Bopha/Pablo (2012)
  • Typhoon Angela (1867)

  
• Thunderstorm


  • Produced by cumulonimbus clouds and are always accompanied by lightning and thunder
  • Lasts for 1-2 hours
• Storm surge


  A rapid rise of seawater above normal sea level generated by strong winds brought by typhoons and thunderstorms

  
• Flood


  Occurs when land is submerged in water often after heavy rainfall or overflow from bodies of water
• Flash flood


  • Flood characterized by a raging current that occurs when the water level rises due to heavy rainfall
  • Lasts from a few minutes to a few hours only
• Hydrometeorological hazard map


  • Guide that highlights areas that are vulnerable to potential hazards like storm surge, typhoon, and flood
  • Created to identify the areas that are prone to or affected these hydro meteorological hazards

  
• DSWD


  In charge of disaster response
• PAGASA


  Handles typhoons

  
• NDRRMC


  In charge of DRR
• DOST


  In charge of disaster mitigation and prevention
• NEDA


  In charge of disaster rehabilitation and recovery
• DILG


  In charge of disaster preparedness
• Declared the fire prevention month by the virtue of Presidential proclamation No. 115-A

  March

  
• Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP)


  Mandated to prevent and suppress all kinds of destructive fires, investigate its causes, enforce fire-related laws, and provide emergency medical and rescue services

  
• Fire triangle


  • Consists of oxygen, fuel, and heat
  • Add in the fourth element, the chemical reaction, and you have a fire "tetrahedron"
• Natural causes of fire


  • Lightning
  • Volcanic activities
  • Spontaneous combustion

  
• Human-made causes of fire


  • Wildfires
  • Forest fires
  • Smoking
  • Heaters
  • Faulty wiring
  • Curious children
  • Flammable liquids

  
• Types of fire


  • Class A (ordinary combustibles)
  • Class B (flammable liquids)
  • Class C (powered electrical equipment)
  • Class D (combustible metals)
  • Class K (cooking oil and greases)
• Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)


  • An approach for planning and taking steps to make disasters less likely to happen, and less damaging when they do happen
  • Systematic efforts to minimize vulnerabilities and disaster risks

  
• Mitigation


  • Measures designed to minimize disaster-related losses (life, property or assets, and environment)
  • Preparedness measures such as early warning are DRR treatment activities which are also done before a disaster-causing event

  
• Preparedness


  Measures such as early warning are DRR treatment activities which are also done before a disaster-causing event
• Disaster management cycle


  • An entire array of activities aimed at reducing the severity of impact of the disaster-causing event which are undertaken before, during, and after a disaster
  • It is cyclic in approach and cut across different phases

  
• Adaptation


  The adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or exploits beneficial opportunities
• Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)


  Policy objective of anticipating and reducing risk

  
• Disaster Risk Reduction Management (DRRM)


  The implementation of DRR, since it describes the actions that aim to achieve the objective of reducing risk
• CBDRRM


  • Engages communities not only in DRR but also in all phases of the disaster management cycle
  • The tasks of decision-making and activity implementation rest primarily on local peoples and organizations with the national government assuming a supportive partner's role