LEAP

• Abilene paradox


  The inability to manage agreement
• Abilene paradox

  Individuals consciously don't voice their concerns or preferences
• Social loafing


  Where individuals in a group do not contribute as much as they would if working in isolation
• Factors affecting social loafing

  • Group size (more common in bigger groups)
  • Perception of contribution
  • Motivation
• Honey and Mumford approach to decision making


  • Activists
  • Reflectors
  • Pragmatists
  • Theorists
• Theorists


  Make sense of, put into context
• Reflectors


  Think, process the experience
• Pragmatists


  Test, apply ideas and approaches
• Activists


  Have the experience
• Health coaching


  Helping people gain and use the knowledge, skills and confidence to become active participants in their care so that they can reach their self-identified health and wellbeing goals
• 4 E's model (health coaching)


  • Explore
  • Educate
  • Empower
  • Enable
• Main leadership models

  • Action Centred Leadership (ACL)
  • Johari Model
  • Maslow's hierarchy of needs
  • Tannenbaum and Schmidt Continuum
• Action Centred Leadership (ACL)


  Centres leadership around achieving the task, building the team and developing the individual
• Johari's model


  Used to help people better understand their relationships both with themselves and with others
• Maslow's hierarchy of needs


  Sees a step-like formation and ranking
• The highest and lowest steps in Maslow's hierarchy of needs are self-actualisation and physiological
• Tannenbaum and Schmidt Continuum


  Has seven components and is more oriented towards decision-making rather than leadership
• GROW model

  Example of a model for personal coaching
• GROW model

  • GOAL
  • REALITY
  • OPTIONS
  • WILL
• SMART goals

  • Specific
  • Measurable
  • Achievable
  • Realistic
  • Time
• Pendleton feedback


  Good model to follow when giving feedback as a coach
• English prescription in an English pharmacy

  Charge as per English prescription charges
• Welsh prescription in English pharmacy

  Charge as per English prescription charge
• Scottish prescription in English pharmacy

  Charge as per English prescription charge
• Northern Irish prescription in English pharmacy

  No fee
• English script in Welsh pharmacy

  Charge according to English rules. UNLESS patient presents with a Welsh prescription charge entitlement card
• Welsh script in Welsh pharmacy

  No fee
• Scottish prescription in Welsh pharmacy

  No fee
• Northern Irish prescription in Welsh pharmacy

  No fee
• 6 essential services in English pharmacy


  • Dispensing medicines
  • Disposal of unwanted medicines
  • DMS (discharges medicines service)
  • Healthy living promotions
  • Public health (promotion of healthy lifestyles)
  • Repeat dispensing
• 6 advanced services in pharmacy


  • CPCS (community pharmacist consultation service)
  • Flu vaccination service
  • Pharmacy contraception service (PCS)
  • Hypertension case-finding service
  • NMS (new medicines service)
  • Smoking cessation service
• Pharmacy contraception service (PCS)


  Advanced service, £18 per consultation
• Lateral flow service

  Advanced service, £4.00 per transaction (plus VAT)
• Nationally commissioned service


  COVID 19 vaccination service
• Locally commissioned services


  Depend on locality and money available in the area
• Pharmacy quality scheme (PQS)


  Forms part of the community pharmacy contractual framework, designed to support delivery of NHS long term plan and rewards community pharmacies that deliver quality criteria
• 4 areas included within the PQS domain


  • Gateway
  • Medicines safety & optimisation
  • Respiratory
  • Prevention
• Core services provided by pharmacies in Scotland


  • NHS pharmacy first
  • Quality improvement
  • Medicines care and review
  • Public health service
  • Acute medication service
• Conditions covered by NHS pharmacy first Scotland


  • Impetigo
  • Cystitis
  • Acne
  • Shingles
  • Sore throat
• Service included in Scotland's public health service


  Offering a sexual health service (EHC)