RPH - Midterms

• 3 purposes of Spanish conquest/colonization

  • Glory
  • Gold
  • God
• Spice

  Species (Latin) - Special (English)
• Spices: Ginger, Sesame, Turmeric, Pepper, Cinnamon
• Spice trade existed 4,000 years ago on the Silk Road, involving China, India, Egypt, Persia, Arabia
• Fall of Constantinople

  1453
• Bartolomeu Dias


  March 12, 1488 - Reached the Cape of Good Hope
• Vasco De Gama


  Portugese nobleman, Sailed from Lisbon to India in 1498, Reached Calicut, 2nd expedition in 1502, Died on December 24, 1524
• Christopher Columbus


  Discovered the New World (USA)
• Magellan Expedition

  Commissioned by King Charles I, 5 ships, 237 members, 40 Portuguese
• Antonio Pigafetta


  Historian/recorder of the expedition
• Fr. Pedro de Valderama


  Fleet chaplain
• Skirmishes - ubusan ng lahi
• Luzon, Panay/Legazpi, Mindanao
• Juan De Salcedo


  Discovered Mindanao and Manila
• Rules for Filipinos

  • To be loyal
  • Help Spaniards battle
  • If Filipino committed a crime
  • Goods to be sold = moderately priced
  • Armed Filipino should not be allowed in Spanish settlement
• History


  A record of our past events that we are still currently learning about in the present. It is the foundation of our culture and shared traditions in a certain place at a certain time
• Historia (greek)


  Knowledge acquired through inquiry of investigation
• Kasaysayan


  saysay = narrative = relevance = importance
• Historical sources

  • government records
  • personal/written letters
  • chronicle
  • receipts
• No record, no history
• Historians rely on surviving records
• Roles of history

  • unite the nation
  • not to repeat mistakes; teacher
  • storyteller
• Positivism


  • 18th - 19th century school of thought
  • Historiography - study of history
  • Historian - objective and impartial
• Process of history

  1. Possibility of valid historical sources

  2. Literature - expressions of authors; part of history
• 333 years - Spaniard invasion
• Male Attire

  • Kanggan - sleeveless jacket
  • Bahag - loin cloth or tyaleko
  • Putong - turban
• Male Attire by Social Class

  • Red = chief
  • Blue/black = commoners
• Laurels


  Honors received
• Female Attire

  • Baro/Camisa - white; jacket with sleeves
  • Saya/Patadyong - long skirt
  • Tapis
• Ornaments- jewelry that is to be hung; both female and male wear Kalumbiga, pendants, bracelets, leglets = made of gold
• Bahay Kubo

  Wood, bamboo, nipa
• Social Classes

  • Maharlika
  • Timawa
  • Alipin Sagigilid
  • Alipin Namamahay
• Gaterno


  Gat/Lakan = Nobleman
• Customs


  • Monogamous = marami asawa
  • Dowry = gold or land
• Tattoos - the more tattoos you have, the more achievements or battles you won
• Miguel Lopez de Legazpi

  • pinuno ng ekspidisyon
  • 380
  • November 21, 1564 - from Natividad, Mexico
• kasunduan sa Panay - Manila (Kabisera)
• Goiti send message kay Legazpi
• naging first gobernador-heneral si Lopez
• Padre Diego de Herrera

  • Augustinian Friar
  • sinabi sa Luzon nalang manirahan kasi wala nang supply ng pagkain April 20