Protein Synthesis

• Three kinds of RNA: mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
• Messenger RNA: travels from the Nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where the information in the copy is used for a protein products.
• Transfer RNA: adaptor molecule composed of RNA 74-94 nucleotides. Brings amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome.
• Ribosomal RNA: Found in the ribosome, it is the cell's protein factory. It decodes mRNA into amino acids and interacts with tRNA
• The two steps in protein synthesis: Transcription and Translation
• Transcription: This process occurs in the nucleus where an enzyme called RNA polymerase will connect complimentary RNA bases to the DNA, they bond together to form mRNA. MRNA editing still occurs in this part.
• Ribosome

  • Makes protein
  • Made up of rRNA
  • Build protein during translation
• Translation: a process where tRNA carries amino acids and delivers it to the ribosome. mRNA will direct which tRNA comes in. Last step in protein synthesis where protein is actually synthesized.
• tRNA reads in three which is called "codon" while they each have their complimentary "anticodon"