Bio Topic 4

• What is the word and symbol equation for photosynthesis?

  water + carbon dioxide -> glucose + oxygen

  6H20 + 6CO2 -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

  Light is needed from sunlight as energy (endothermic)
• What is the glucose in photosynthesis produced used for?

  • Respiration
  • Making starch/fat to store energy
  • Making cellulose
  • Making amino acids for protein
• How can we increase the rate of photosynthesis?

  • Increasing temperature
  • Increasing light intensity
  • Increasing CO2 concentration
• What does respiration do?

  Provides energy for chemical reactions, warmth and muscle contractions
• What is the formula for aerobic respiration (with oxygen)?

  glucose + oxygen -> water + carbon dioxide

  C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6H20 + 6CO2
• What happens during exercise?

  Our heart & breathing rate increase to increase blood flow to supply more oxygen & glucose to enable muscles to contract
• What is the formula for anaerobic respiration (without oxygen)?

  glucose -> lactic acid

  This occurs during intense exercise; oxygen debt. Lactic acid is poisonous to our body so its broken down into glucose by our liver using oxygen
• What are differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

  • Anaerobic produces lactic acid as a product
  • Aerobic produces carbon dioxide whereas anaerobic does not
  • Aerobic produces more energy but takes more time
  • Anaerobic produces less energy but takes less time
• What is the formula for anaerobic respiration in plants?

  glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide (fermentation)
• What is metabolism and list some examples?

  The sum of all chemical responses in a cell/organism

  E.g.

  Respiration

  Breakdown of excess proteins

  Fatty acids -> lipids

  Glucose -> starch, glycogen & cellulose