PROKARYOTES

Cards (39)

  • TWO SUPERKINGDOM
    PROKARYOTA AND EUKARYOTA
  • What are the 7 kingdoms?
    Bacteria, Archaea, Protozoa, Chromista, Plantae, Fungi, Animalia
  • In plasma membrane of bacteria are lipids branched or unbranched?
    unbranched
  • In plasma membrane of archaea are lipids branched or unbranched?
    branched
  • it has cell wall
    bacteria
  • doesnt have cell wall
    archea
  • in dna replication, chromosomes are typically replicated from a single origin
    Bacteria
    • in dna replication, chromosomes are typically replicated from either a single or multiple origin
    • almost similar to eukaryotes
    • Archea
  • What type of gene expression occurs in archea?
    Transcription translation coupling
  • termed as "ancient bacteria"
    domain archea
  • What are kingdom is under the domain archaea?
    Archaebacteria
  • this prokaryotes diverged from early form of bacteria
    archaea
    • lives in extreme environment
    • all unicellular
    • lacks peptidoglycan
    • some have flagella to aid locomotion
    • Archaea
  • What are the 3 main types of Archaea?
    Methanogens, Thermoacidophiles, Halophiles
  • Releases CH4 as waste product
    Helps in breaking down food in animals
    contributes to greenhouse gases that affects climate change
    Methanogens
  • Lives in the dark
    lives w/o oxygen
    prefers highly acidic environment

    Thermoacidophiles
  • it is where some thermoacidophiles like to live
    Black smokers
  • salt loving organisms
    can live in water with salt concentration exceeding 15%

    Halophiles
  • What color halophilic archaea produces?
    pinkish-red
  • uses sunlight for energy
    Bacteriorhodopsin
  • What pigment does halophilic archaea uses to protect themselves from the sunlight?
    Bacterioruberin
  • What are the formal groups under Domain Archaea?
    Crenarchaeota
    Euryarcheota
  • This are the smallest euryarchaeotes
    Nanoarcheota
  • has thick cell walls and large amount of peptidoglycan
    Gram-positive
  • peptidoglycan layer is surrounded by plasma membrane and an outer membrane
    Gram-negative
  • fine, proteinaceous hairlike bristles emerging from cell surface
    fimbriae
    • rigid tubular structure made of pilin protein
    • found in gram negative cells
    • joins cells for partial dna transfer 

    • Pili
  • It is the partial dna transfer of bacterial cells

    conjugation
  • what is the coating of molecules external to the cell wall, made of sugar and proteins
    Glycocalyx
  • two types of glycocalyx?
    Slime layer
    Capsule
  • What is the difference between slime layer and capsule?
    SL is loosely organized and attached while Capsule is highly organized and tightly attached
  • What is the function of the Glycocalyx?
    protects cell from dehydration and nutrient loss
  • What organisms has a CO2 as carbon source?
    Chemoautotroph, Photoautotroph
  • What organisms has Organic compounds as carbon source?
    Photoheterotroph, Chemoheterotroph
  • uses O2 for respiration
    Obligate aerobes
  • use O2 when available, ferment if not
    Facultative aerobes
  • Poisoned by O2
    Obligate anaerobes
  • what are the 5 major clades under eubacteria?
    Proteobacteria
    chlamydias
    spirochetes
    gram-postive
    cyanobacteria
  • Nitrogen fixing bacterias
    Rhizobium