Respiration ai

• Respiration


  The process of transferring energy from the breakdown of glucose, which goes on in every cell in the body continuously
• Respiration is exothermic - it transfers energy to the environment
• Metabolism is all the chemical reactions in an organism
• Metabolism


  1. Many chemical reactions happening in a cell

  2. Reactions are linked together to form metabolic pathways

  3. Larger molecules are made from smaller ones

  4. Larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones
• Aerobic respiration


  Respiration using oxygen, the most efficient way to release energy from glucose
• Anaerobic respiration


  Respiration without oxygen, an incomplete breakdown of glucose
• Aerobic respiration


  Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water
• Anaerobic respiration in muscle cells


  Glucose -> lactic acid
• Anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast


  Glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide
• Anaerobic respiration does not transfer as much energy as aerobic respiration
• Anaerobic respiration is only useful in emergencies, e.g. during exercise
• When you exercise

  Your muscles need energy from respiration more frequently
• When you exercise


  Your breathing rate and volume increase to get more oxygen in the blood
• When you do vigorous exercise


  Your body can't supply enough oxygen to your muscles, so they start doing anaerobic respiration as well
• Oxygen debt


  The amount of extra oxygen your body needs to deal with the build-up of lactic acid after anaerobic respiration
• Investigating the effect of exercise on the body


  1. Measure breathing rate by counting breaths

  2. Measure heart rate by taking the pulse

  3. Plot results in a bar chart
• Pulse rate increases the more intense the exercise is, as the body needs to get more oxygen to the muscles and take more carbon dioxide away