M3L2

• This module will take you to the different countries of the world that will provide examples of the different educational systems

  
• These will give you the baseline information on what kind of education prevails in these countries

  
• As a future teacher, you shall be guided by UNESCO's principle that Education is for All and that this education is anchored on the Five Pillars which are Learning to Know, Learning to Do, Learning to Be, Learning to Live Together, and Learning to Transform
• Find two friends who are living and studying abroad through your social media account


  1. Ask them about their schooling in those countries

  2. Ask them about their experiences on those educational systems
• Australia


  A high-quality education system, many students from all over the world go to Australia to study
• Education system in Australia


  • Primary school is for six years
  • High school is for six years
  • College or university is for three to six years
  • High school is divided into junior high school (year 7- year 10) and senior high school (year 11 – year 12) but these vary from state to state
• Compulsory education in Australia

  Entry age is 6 years old, exit age is 15 years old
• Levels of education in Australia


  • Primary education
  • Junior secondary level
  • Senior secondary level
• Most students in Australia are enrolled in government schools which operate under the direct responsibility of the State or Territory Education Minister
• Purposes of Australian Higher Education


  • To enable individuals to develop their capabilities for effective participation in the workforce, for constructive contribution to society and for personal growth and fulfillment
  • To advance knowledge and understanding
  • To aid the application of knowledge and understanding for the benefit of the economy and society
  • To enable individuals to adapt and learn, consistent with the needs of an adaptable knowledge-based economy at the local, regional and national levels
  • To contribute to democratic civilized society
• Australian universities


  • They are autonomous self-accredited institutions established by Federal, State or Territory legislations
  • Academic year begins in March and ends in November, with long vacation from December 1 to February 28
  • Language of instruction is English
• Undergraduate studies in Australia


  They lead to a bachelor's degree, and last between three to six years depending on the field
• Postgraduate studies in Australia


  They lead to a postgraduate diploma, master's degree, or doctorate degree
• China has the largest educational system in the world with over 200 million students attending public schools taught by over 9 million teachers
• Education system in China


  • It is highly centralized, with course syllabi written by scientists and professors hired by the National Education Commission
  • Subject matter and instructional contents are uniform for all
  • Primary grades are 6 years, followed by 6 years of high school
  • Class size ranges from 40 to 60 students, students have to cover all topics to pass national examinations
  • Students wishing to attend university must pass one of the two versions of National University Entrance Examination
• After 1949, China's education system was transformed to include 6 years of primary education, 3 years of junior middle school, 3 years of senior middle school, and 6 years of university
• Problems in Chinese education include elitism and social alienation, with key point schools established in primary and secondary institutions
• Japanese education system


  It is highly centralized and administered by the Mombusho or Ministry of Education
• Japanese education system


  • It serves 24 million students, with about 10% going to university and 1/3 going to private schools
  • It is seen as a model of obedient, quiet school children sitting on their desks, listening to the teacher and working hard to pass entrance examinations
  • Japanese students perform far better on international examinations than Americans, and are well-behaved and law-abiding
• Levels of education in Japan


  • Kindergarten
  • Elementary school (6 years)
  • Lower secondary school (3 years)
  • Upper secondary school (3 years)
  • University (usually 4 years)
• Education in Japan


  • It is free and compulsory for children from 6 to 15 years
  • Classes are large and teaching methods are usually lecture
  • Japanese students spend 243 days a year in school, with a year-round calendar and some breaks between sessions
  • Standard curriculum includes Japanese language, social studies, math, science, art, music, home economics, and physical education, with greatest emphasis on Japanese language
• Lower secondary schools in Japan


  They cover grades 7-9, with an average class size of 38 and 50-minute periods
• Upper secondary schools in Japan


  They offer academic, technical and vocational programs, with first-year courses in Japanese, English, Science and Math, and vocational courses in areas like information processing, navigation, fish farming, ceramics and business English
• Higher education in Japan


  • Private institutions make up 80% of university enrollments, although public schools have the most prestige
  • To get into university, students must take a national achievement test and a highly competitive university-specific exam
  • Only 7% of university graduates get master's degrees, and students enroll in medical programs and humanities at the doctorate level
• The Japanese education system relies heavily on examinations to determine which schools the student will go to next, resulting in a push for students and parents to study hard for the tests
• The Constitution of South Africa guarantees equal access to basic education
• Values and principles of South African education


  • Equity and redress
  • Access to basic education opportunities for lifelong learning
  • Quality in providing learners with learning opportunities of acceptable standards
  • Efficiency
  • Democratic participation
  • Sustainability of development
  • Relevance of education
• Sectors/levels of formal education in South Africa


  • Public ordinary school education
  • Independent school education
  • Special school education
  • Technical college education
  • Teacher training
  • Technikon and university training
• Compulsory General Education and Training (GET) in South Africa


  Covers the reception year, Grade R to Grade IX, divided into foundation (Grades R-III), intermediate (Grades IV-VI) and senior (Grades VII-IX) phases
• Further Education and Training (FET) or senior secondary education in South Africa


  Covers Grades X-XII, not compulsory, leading to a senior certificate
• Learning areas that form the basis of basic education up to the FET certificate in South Africa

  • Language, Literary and Communication
  • Mathematical Literacy, Mathematics and Mathemat
• The education system in South Africa corresponds to Level I of the National Qualifications Framework (NQF) and is divided into three phases: foundation (Grades R-III), intermediate (Grades IV-VI) and senior (Grades VII-IX)
• As a rule, children start primary education in the year when they turn 7 years old
• Stages of primary education in South Africa


  • Junior primary (Grades I-III)
  • Senior primary (Grades IV-VI)
• Grades VII-IX is the last stage of compulsory education and will lead to General Education and Training Certificate
• Further Education and Training (FET) or senior secondary education (Grades X-XII) is not compulsory
• At the end of Grade XII, students sit a public examination leading to senior certificate
• Technical secondary education which generally lasts for three years is offered in technical centers, high schools and vocational schools
• The eight learning areas that form the basis of all basic education up to the Further Education Training (FET) certificate


  • Language, Literary and Communication
  • Mathematical Literacy, Mathematics and Mathematical Science
  • Natural Science
  • Technology
  • Human and Social Science
  • Economics and Management Science
  • Arts and Culture
  • Life Orientation
• Tertiary and higher education correspond to Level 5-8 of the National Qualification Framework (NQF) which is more advanced than the Senior Certificate