Module 4

• EUDAIMONIA

  o “good spirited”

  o Coined by Aristotle

  o Describes the pinnacle of happiness that is attainable by humans.

  o “human flourishing”
• FROM NICOMACHEAN ETHICS (Philosophical inquiry into the nature of the good life for a human being.)


  human flourishing arises as a result of different components such as

  Phronesis

  Friendship

  Wealth

  Power
• In ancient Greek


  Society, they believe that acquiring these will surely bring the seekers happiness, which in effect allows them to partake in the greater notion of what we call the Good.
• EASTERN CONCEPTION


  Focus is community-centric

  individual should sacrifice himself for the sake of society

  Chinese Confucian system

  Japanese Bushido

  Encourage studies of literature, sciences, and art for a greater cause
• WESTERN CONCEPTION 


  More focused on the individual

  Human flourishing as an end

  Aristotelian view

  Aims for eudemonia as the ultimate good
• SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND HUMAN FLOURISHING


   Every discovery, innovation, and success contributes to our pool of human knowledge.

   Human’s perpetual need to locate him in the world by finding proofs to trace evolution.

   Elicits our idea of self-importance.

   Technology is a human activity we excel in as a result of achieving science. (Heidegger).

  Good is inherently related to the truth
• SCIENCE AS METHODS AND RESULTS

   Science stems from objectivity brought upon by a rigid method.

  Claim to reason and empiricism
• VERIFICATION THEORY


  A discipline is science if it can be confirmed or interpreted in the event of an alternative hypothesis being accepted.
• VIENNA CIRCLE

   Group of scholars who believed that

  • only those which can be observed should be regarded as meaningful,
  • Reject those which cannot be directly accessed as meaningless.
• FALSIFICATION THEORY

   As long as an ideology is not proven to be false and can best explain a phenomenon over alternative theories, we should accept the said ideology.

   Allowed emergence of theories otherwise rejected by the verification theory.

   Encourages research in order to determine which among the theories can stand the test of falsification.
•  KARL POPPER

  •  aim at the production of new, falsifiable predictions
  • Scientific practice is characterized by its continual effort to test theories against experience and make revisions based on the outcomes of these tests.
• WHAT IS HAPPINESS?


  psychology

  behaviorists

  neurologists
• psychology


  happiness is a mental or emotional state of well-being which can be defined by, among others, positive or pleasant emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy.
• behaviorists


  happiness is a cocktail of emotions we experience when we do something good or positive.
• neurologists


  happiness is the experience of a flood of hormones released in the brain as a reward for behavior that prolongs survival.
• hedonistic view


  view of well-being is that happiness is the polar opposite of suffering; the presence of happiness indicates the absence of pain.
• Eudaimonia


  term that combines the Greek words for "good" and "spirit" to describe the ideology
• Eudaimonia


  defines happiness as the pursuit of becoming a better person. Eudaimonists do this by challenging themselves intellectually or by engaging in activities that make them spiritually richer people.