Bio - Nutrition

• What is photosynthesis?


  the process by where some organisms are able to turn light energy into chemical energy to produce food
• What type of organisms use photosynthesis to make their own food?

  producers
• What type of reaction is photosynthesis?

  endothermic reaction
• where does photosynthesis take place?

  Chloroplasts
• What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

  Carbon dioxide + sunlight -> glucose + oxygen
• What is the symbol equation for photosynthesis?

  6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
• What is the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis?

  • as temperature increases, so does rate of photosynthesis
  • once the temperature exceeds optimum, the rate of photosynthesis decreases as enzymes start to denature
• What is the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis?

  • As the light intensity increases, so does the rate of photosynthesis
• What is the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis?

  • as the concentration of carbon dioxide increases, so does the rate of photosynthesis
• What is a limiting factor?

  • a factor that limits the rate of a reaction when there is not enough of it
• What is the structure of leaf tissue?

  1. waxy cuticle (on top)
  2. upper epidermis
  3. palisade mesophyll (in the middle
  4. spongy mesophyll (in the middle)
  5. lower epidermis (at bottom)
• What are 3 ways leaves are adapted for photosynthesis?

  • they are thin which provides a short diffusion distance
  • the spongy mesophyll layer has lots of air spaces for efficient gas exchange
  • palisade mesophyll cells have lots of chloroplasts for photosynthesis
• What are mineral ions used for in a plant?

  • they are used for growth
• What are 2 common ions in plants?

  1. magnesium ion (Mg2+)
  2. nitrate ion (NO^-3
• What are magnesium ions used for in plants?

  used in chlorophyll
• What are nitrate ions used for in organisms?

  • they are used for amino acids
• Why is a balanced diet important?

  • the body needs different substances in different proportions to function properly
  • too much or too little of different things can be harmful
• What 7 groups are needed for a balanced diet?


  Carbohydrates,

  proteins,

  fats, (lipids)

  vitamins,

  minerals,

  fibre

  water
• What is the function of carbohydrates in the diet?

  • body’s main source of energy
• What are the functions of proteins in the body?

  • proteins can have structural or metabolic roles in the body
  • they are used as hormones, enzymes, antibodies, etc.