ABDOMEN

• ORGANS IN RUQ?


  ascending and transverse colon, duodenum, gallbladder, liver, pancreas (head), hepatic flexure of colon, pylorus, right adrenal gland, kidney and ureter
• ORGANS IN RLQ?


  appendix, ascending colon, cecum, right kidney, ovary and tube, ureter, spermatic cord
• ORGANS IN LUQ?


  left adrenal gland, kidney, ureter, pancreas(body and tail), spleen, splenic flexure of colon, stomach, transverse descending colon
• ORGAN IN LLQ?


  left kidney, ovary and tube, ureter, spermatic cord, descending and sigmoid colon
• ORGANS IN MIDLINE?


  bladder, uterus, prostate gland
• describe sign and symptoms?

  CHARACTER
• when did it begin?

  ONSET
• exact location?

  LOCATION
• how long does it last?

  DURATION
• how severe? how bad?

  SEVERITY
• what makes it better or worse?

  PATTERN
• other symptoms that occur? how does it affect you?

  ASSOCIATED FACTORS
• specific organs or structures affected by chemical or mechanical factors such as inflammation, infection, distention, stretching, pressure, obstruction or trauma?

  ABDOMINAL PAIN
• described as heartburn, may be an indication of acute or chronic gastric disorders?

  INDIGESTION (PYROSIS)
• precipitated by dietary intolerance, psychological triggers, pregnant clients (morning sickness)?

  NAUSEA AND VOMITING
• general complaint often associated with digestive disorders, chronic syndromes, cancers, and psychological disorders. Carefully correlate appetite changes with dietary history and weight monitoring?

  APPETITE (ANOREXIA)
• Changes in bowel patterns must be compared to usual patterns for the client?

  BOWEL ELIMINATION
• NORMAL FREQUENCY OF BOWEL ELIMINATION?

  2-3 times per day to 3 times per week
• decrease in the frequency of bowel movements or the passage of hard and possibly painful stools?

  CONSTIPATION
• frequency of bowel movements producing unformed or liquid stools?

  DIARRHEA
• pain in hollow organs?

  VICERAL PAIN
• pain due to inflammation?

  PARIETAL PAIN
• travel pain?


  REFERRED PAIN
• sequence in abdominal assessment?


  INSPECTION, AUSCULTATION, PERCUSSION, PALPATION
• what is striae?

  STRETCH MARKS
• abdominal contours?


  FLAT, ROUNDED OR CONVEX, SCAPHOID, PROTUBERANT

  
• normal abdominal contour?

  FLAT
• part of the stethoscope use in auscultating bowel sounds?

  DIAPHRAGM
• sequence of auscultation?

  RLQ, RUQ, LUQ and LLQ (clockwise)
• interval of auscultation?


  5 mins, 1 min. per quadrant
• normal bowel sounds?

  GURGLING and BORBORYGMIC
• abnormal bowel sounds?

  HYPERACTIVE, HYPOACTIVE and HIGH PITCHED
• part in the stethoscope use to auscultate vascular sound, venous hum and friction rub?

  BELL
• normal percussion findings?

  BLUE IS DULLNESS(liver, spleen and sigmoid), ORANGE IS TYMPANY (stomach)
• normal percuss tone?

  RESONANCE
• abnormal percuss tone in abdomen?

  ACCENTUATED TYMPANY and HYPER RESONANCE
• normal liver span at the MCL (mid-clavicular line)?

  6 - 12 cm
• normal liver span at the right mid-clavicular line?

  8-12 cm
• normal liver span at the midsternal line?

  4-8 cm
• area of dullness greater than 7cm in spleen?

  SPLENOMEGALY