Lesson 6

• Fire is chemical reaction in which substance (fuel) combines with oxygen making an exothermic reaction with the emission of light, heat & smoke.
• Fire is a chemical process of combustion or burning, in which substances combine chemically with oxygen from the air and typically releasing light, heat, and smoke.
• Fire Triangle or Tetrahedron
• Tetrahedron: Heat, Fuel, and Oxygen
• Fire is composed of three elements - heat, fuel, and oxygen which when combined will result in a chemical reaction called burning
• The fire triangle is a simple model for understanding the necessary elements for most fires. The triangle illustrates the three elements a fire needs to ignite
• Fire triangle: OXYGEN

  When it combines with flammable vapors given off by fuels they create a form of heat at a molecular level. Then, a source of ignition can cause it to combust
• Fire Triangle: FUEL

  Is any material that can be made to react so that it releases energy in the form of heat.
• Fire Triangle: HEAT

  A fire cannot ignite unless it has a certain amount of ____, and it cannot grow without ____ either.
• Fire investigation is the process of determining the origin, cause, and development of a fire or explosion.
• Bureau of Fire Protection - created by virtue of RA 6975, have the power to investigate (analyze) all causes of fire and if necessary, file the proper complaint with the city or provincial prosecutor who has jurisdiction over the case.
• Causes of Fire:

  Arson/Incendiarism, Electrical, open flames, neglected cooking, smoking
• Arson/Incendiarism- is a crime of intentionally and deliberately setting fire to property with intent to cause damage
• Arson/Incendiarism - it is punishable by law under Republic Act 5467 and Presidential Decree 1613 or Philippine laws under various forms of arson.
• Electrical - Faulty wiring is an inaccurate use of term.
• Open Flames - unattended lit candles or kerosene lamps (gasera) that are placed near flammable/combustible material is a fire waiting to happen.
• Neglected torches (Sulo) can also be a source of fire if it is near flammable materials
• Neglected cooking - unattended cooking causes most fires in the homes that occur in the kitchen.
• LPG is colorless, tasteless, and odorless and is usually used fuel in cooking. It is highly flammable.
• Smoking - careless _______ especially in bed is a leading cause of fire in the homes.
• Smoking - irresponsible throwing of cigarette butt can also cause fire especially during dry season.
• CLASS A

  Ordinary, combustible materials such as wood, paper, plastic, fire crackers
• CLASS B

  flammable liquids and chemicals such as LPG
• CLASS C

  Electricity
• CLASS D

  Metals
• Fire Extinguisher: CLASS A (Water) - fires that involve solid materials like paper, wood or textiles
• Fire Extinguisher: CLASS B (Foam Spray) - fires that involve liquids, like oils, petrol or diesel.
• Fire Extinguisher: CLASS C (Powder) - fires that involve flammable gases, such as propane, butane or methane.
• Fire Extinguisher: CLASS D (Carbon Dioxide) - fires that involve metals, like aluminum, magnesium, titanium, or swarf.
• Fire Extinguisher: CLASS E (Wet Chemical) - fires that involve life electrical equipment, like computers or phone or charges.
• Fire Extinguisher: CLASS F (Fire Blanket) - fires that involve cooking oils and fats, such as deep-fat fryers.
• FIRE SAFETY CHECKLIST FOR THE WORKPLACE:

  1. Does your property have clear and accessible escape routes?
• FIRE SAFETY CHECKLIST FOR THE WORKPLACE:

  2. Is fire fighting equipment available throughout the entire property?
• FIRE SAFETY CHECKLIST FOR THE WORKPLACE:

  3. Do you have a fully working, regularly tested fire alarm?
• FIRE SAFETY CHECKLIST FOR THE WORKPLACE:

  4. Do you have a set of fire precautions advertised for you employees?
• FIRE SAFETY CHECKLIST FOR THE WORKPLACE:

  5. Are your staff regularly trained in fire safety matters?
• FIRE SAFETY CHECKLIST FOR THE WORKPLACE:

  6. Are all of your staff taken into consideration in your evacuation plans?
• FIRE SAFETY CHECKLIST FOR THE WORKPLACE:

  7. Do you have a sectioned area for smokers on your premises?
• FIRE SAFETY CHECKLIST FOR THE WORKPLACE:

  8. Are your fire extinguishers services and replaced on a regular basis?
• FIRE SAFETY CHECKLIST FOR THE WORKPLACE:

  9. Are all of your electrical systems and appliances maintained and checked regularly?