Economic change has caused manufacturing jobs to leave the UK, leading to a change in gender roles, including a possible crisis of masculinity for boys and men who no longer have clear roles
Immigration and an increasingly multicultural society has contributed to changes in the structure of the family and family diversity
The globalisation of popular culture includes significant technological change, transforming the media, which has had an impact on childhood, creating a toxic childhood
Social media and other technological changes have also allowed families to keep in close contact despite large geographical distances (including extended family in other countries)