DISS Finals

• Indigenization/Pagsasakatutubo - is  an  academic and sociocultural movement in the former colonies in the Third World that seeks to rediscover, relearn and re-apply the traditional and indigenous cultural forms and systems that are , in the case of the Philippines, authentic markers of the Filipino identity.
• In studying indigenization, it is important to distinguish indigenization from within from indigenization from without.  
• Indigenization from within approach - approach derives the concepts and methodologies from the actual local Filipino cultural experiences .  
• Indigenization from without approach - which is merely a system of adopting western or foreign ideas from translating them into local language and looking for their possible application in the local setting.
• Sikolohiyang Pilipino - is an academic movement which seeks to indigenize the theory, method and practice of Psychology.  It is a counter prevailing force to the dominant western-oriented Psychology.
• Sikolohiyang Pilipino - considered by many scholars as a form of postcolonial and liberation psychology. It rejects the tradition of mainstream psychology
• Virgilio Enriquez - the forerunner of Sikolohiyang Pilipino, advocates for a transformative and critical approaches in Psychology education, research and practice.
• Since the advent of colonialism, the theory and practice of Psycholgy has been mainly Eurocentric in character.
• Rogelia Pe-pua - a former student and later a colleague of Dr. Enriquez, compiles and edited articles in Sikolohoiyang Pilipino and published a book entitled “Konsepto at Metodo sa Sikolohiyang Pilipino”.
• Konseptong at Metodo sa Sikolohiyang Pilipino - In the book, she defined Sikolohiyang Pilipino as an “approach anchored on Filipino thought and experience as understood from a Filipino perspective.”
• Sikolohiyang Pilipino employs the following methodologies and approaches in conducting social research : Pakikipagkwentuhan, pagtatanong-tanong, pagdalaw-dalaw, pakikiramdam, panunuluyan
• Pakikipagkwentuhan – The process of informal storytelling of participants being facilitated by the researcher is expected to bring about many observations and insights relevant to the subject matter of study.
• Pagtatanong-tanong – This act of asking questions derived from the participants flow of conversation about your research topic will enable the researcher to identify cultural patterns and nuances that a structured questionnaires will not likely achieve and bring-about.
• Pagdalaw-dalaw – The experience of visiting the respondents homes will allow the researcher to understand the participants actual physical and social environments.
• Pakikiramdam – This approach in research interaction allows the researcher to feel and emphatize with his respondents about their collective and individual emotions, concerns and aspirations.
• Panunuluyan – The practice of immersing in the community and staying with the household will enable the researcher to develop a deeper sense of relationship with the participant, thereby allowing him/her to gain more profound understanding of their aspiration, experience and struggle.
• Filipino Values related to Pakikipagkapwa-tao: pagkakaisa – being one

  Pakikitungo – civility

  pakikisangkot – act of joining others

  Pakikisalamuha – ability to adapt

  Pakikisama – being united

  Pakikilahok – act of participating pakikiramdam – shared inner perception Pakikibagay – conformity

  kagandahang loob – shared humanity

  utang na loob – norm of reciprocity

  Pakikipagpalagyang-loob – act of mutual trust Serious efforts to indigenize

  Pakikiramdam  – shared inner perception
• Psychology will bring about significant shifts in the trafition of teaching, research, advocacy and application in the field of behavioral sciences. It will also pave the way to the development of an alternative research agenda aligned to the specific needs of the Third world people such as but not limited to the following:

  1. Psychology of decolonization

  2. Disaster psychology

  3. Psychology of OFW reintegration

  4. Psychosocial health of refugees, evacuees and internally displaced persons

  5. Hidden victimization of emergency health workers

  6. Psychology of poverty
• Cultural Subjugation -  He refers to this phase as denial and withdrawal.  It is followed by the combined destruction of indigenous material culture and desecration of indigenous places of ritual.  
• Pantayong Pananaw - Dr. Zeus Salazar, forerunner of Pantayong Pananaw (PP), defines this approach in history as “internal interrelatedness of values, character, knowledge, wisdom, aspiration, traditions, behavior and experience of a particular culture or civilization as a whole”
• Pantayong pananaw - aims to decolonize Philippine historiography (method of writing history).  
• Kinds of Philippine Historiography

  • Pangkayong Pananaw (from you to us)
  • Pangkaming Pananaw (from us to you)
  • Pantayong Pananaw (from us to us)
• Pangkayong Pananaw


  The use of western perspective (eurocerntric and colonial) in interpreting and judging local historical experiences
• Pangkaming Pananaw


  This brand of historiography is identified with Filipinos who write in a foreign language intended for foreign audience and Filipino elites
• Pantayong Pananaw


  • This alternative approach in history writing is deeply rooted in the Filipino consciousness and cuture with the aim of writing history by Filipinos for the interest of fellow Filipinos, especially the ordinary Filipinos
  • Advocates of Pantayong Pananaw emphasize the central importance of using a common and local language as a medium of communication and basis of understanding and solidarity