chem

• First law of thermodynamics


  Heat is a form of energy, and thermodynamic processes are subject to the principle of conservation of energy
• First law of thermodynamics


  Heat is a form of energy, and thermodynamic processes are subject to the principle of conservation of energy
• Heat energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be transferred from one location to another and converted to and from other forms of energy
• Heat energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be transferred from one location to another and converted to and from other forms of energy
• Work


  Positive when it is done on the system, which means the system also gains energy
• Work


  Positive when it is done on the system, which means the system also gains energy
• Heat (q)


  Negative when the system releases heat to the surroundings
• Heat (q)


  Negative when the system releases heat to the surroundings
• Enthalpy


  The heat content of a system, and the heat that passes into or out of the system during a reaction
• Enthalpy


  The heat content of a system, and the heat that passes into or out of the system during a reaction
• Whether the enthalpy of the system increases (when energy is added) or decreases (because energy is given off) is a crucial factor that determines whether a reaction can happen
• Whether the enthalpy of the system increases (when energy is added) or decreases (because energy is given off) is a crucial factor that determines whether a reaction can happen
• Combustion of methane to produce carbon dioxide and water

  1. CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)

  2. ΔHorxn=?
• Combustion of methane to produce carbon dioxide and water

  1. CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)

  2. ΔHorxn=?
• Endothermic reactions


  Absorb energy from the surrounding in the form of heat
• Endothermic reactions


  Absorb energy from the surrounding in the form of heat
• Exothermic reactions


  Release energy into the surrounding of the system
• Exothermic reactions


  Release energy into the surrounding of the system
• Enthalpy


  The thermal energy stored in a system
• Enthalpy


  The thermal energy stored in a system
• Entropy


  A measure of randomness or disorder, the greater the disorder of the system, the greater its entropy
• Entropy


  A measure of randomness or disorder, the greater the disorder of the system, the greater its entropy
• Bronsted-Lowry Acid


  Any species that can donate a proton
• Bronsted-Lowry Acid


  Any species that can donate a proton
• Bronsted-Lowry Base


  Any species that can accept a proton from another molecule
• Bronsted-Lowry Base


  Any species that can accept a proton from another molecule
• Catalyst


  Speeds up chemical reaction, without being consumed by the reaction
• Catalyst


  Speeds up chemical reaction, without being consumed by the reaction
• Heterogenous catalyst


  Uses a catalyst that is of a different phase from that of the reactants and products
• Heterogenous catalyst


  Uses a catalyst that is of a different phase from that of the reactants and products