1. Draw particle diagrams of a solid, liquid and a gas
2. Draw arrows between the diagrams to show freezing, melting and boiling
At 110°C, water is in the gas state as water vapour/steam
Evaporation
Particles of gas come off the top of the liquid, but in boiling bubbles of gas form all throughout the liquid. Boiling needs a specific temperature to occur.
In both evaporation and boiling
The matter is going from the liquid state to the gas state. The particles are gaining enough energy to go from the liquid state to the gas state.
Evaporation
Add arrow to show evaporation on particle diagrams
Sweating keeps you cool!
Condensation
When matter changes state from a gas to a liquid, the particles are transferring energy to the surroundings.
When have you observed condensation before?
Steamy mirrors, windows, the top of a pot lid
Sublimation
Add sublimation to particle diagram
Sublimation
Change of state from solid to gas
In sublimation, the particles are gaining energy. This is what allows them to break out of their regular pattern and move away from each other.
